中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2011年
9期
26~31
,共null页
水质评价 全排列多边形综合图示法 南水北调
水質評價 全排列多邊形綜閤圖示法 南水北調
수질평개 전배렬다변형종합도시법 남수북조
water-quality evaluation; entire-array-polygon evaluation method ; south-to-north water diversion
针对水质评价指标的多样性和由单指标给出评价结果的不相容性，为对各级指标进行综合评价，提出了全排列多边形综合图示评价方法。该方法综合考虑了各级指标临界值对综合指标的放大和紧缩效应。反映了整体大于或者小平部分之和的系统整合原理。该方法与主成分分析法相比，能够克服主成分分析法要求影响水质的各项指标之间的关系都为线性关系的缺点。为有效地评估南水北调东线源头水质情况。建立了基于全排列多边形综合图示法的南水北调东线源头水质评价模型。最后．以长江芒稻河断面和中泓两个断面2001—2008年的水质监测数据为例对模型进行验证。结果表明：2001—2008年中泓断面的水质基本满足《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838—2002）中第1类水质评价标准，而芒稻河断面的水质基本满足第Ⅱ类水质评价标准。总体上。中泓断面的水质优于芒稻河断面的水质。近年来，由于受工业或生活污水影响，两断面的水质状况都呈逐年恶化的趋势。
針對水質評價指標的多樣性和由單指標給齣評價結果的不相容性，為對各級指標進行綜閤評價，提齣瞭全排列多邊形綜閤圖示評價方法。該方法綜閤攷慮瞭各級指標臨界值對綜閤指標的放大和緊縮效應。反映瞭整體大于或者小平部分之和的繫統整閤原理。該方法與主成分分析法相比，能夠剋服主成分分析法要求影響水質的各項指標之間的關繫都為線性關繫的缺點。為有效地評估南水北調東線源頭水質情況。建立瞭基于全排列多邊形綜閤圖示法的南水北調東線源頭水質評價模型。最後．以長江芒稻河斷麵和中泓兩箇斷麵2001—2008年的水質鑑測數據為例對模型進行驗證。結果錶明：2001—2008年中泓斷麵的水質基本滿足《地錶水環境質量標準》（GB3838—2002）中第1類水質評價標準，而芒稻河斷麵的水質基本滿足第Ⅱ類水質評價標準。總體上。中泓斷麵的水質優于芒稻河斷麵的水質。近年來，由于受工業或生活汙水影響，兩斷麵的水質狀況都呈逐年噁化的趨勢。
침대수질평개지표적다양성화유단지표급출평개결과적불상용성，위대각급지표진행종합평개，제출료전배렬다변형종합도시평개방법。해방법종합고필료각급지표림계치대종합지표적방대화긴축효응。반영료정체대우혹자소평부분지화적계통정합원리。해방법여주성분분석법상비，능구극복주성분분석법요구영향수질적각항지표지간적관계도위선성관계적결점。위유효지평고남수북조동선원두수질정황。건립료기우전배렬다변형종합도시법적남수북조동선원두수질평개모형。최후．이장강망도하단면화중홍량개단면2001—2008년적수질감측수거위례대모형진행험증。결과표명：2001—2008년중홍단면적수질기본만족《지표수배경질량표준》（GB3838—2002）중제1류수질평개표준，이망도하단면적수질기본만족제Ⅱ류수질평개표준。총체상。중홍단면적수질우우망도하단면적수질。근년래，유우수공업혹생활오수영향，량단면적수질상황도정축년악화적추세。
In view of the diversity of the water quality evaluation and incompatibility of evaluating resuhs given by a single index, the entire-array-polygon evaluation method is offered. The entire-array-polygon method is capable of validating the system integrating theory that synthesis is bigger or smaller than the sum of elements. Compared with the principal component analysis method, the approach is able to tackle problem of the nonlinear relationship between the indicators. In order to evaluate the water quality condition of East Route of South-to-North Water Diversion （ERSNWD） , the water quality assessment method based on entire-array-polygon evaluation method is established. Finally, a case study using the method is implemented according to the monitoring data of Mangdaohe section and Zhonghong section in Yangtze River from 2001 to 2008. The result shows that the water quality of Zhonghong section is better than that of Mangdaohe section in Yangtze River from 2001 to 2008. The water quality of Zhonghong section basically satisfies level I of the Assessment Standards of Water Quality from Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water （ GB3838 - 2002）, and Mangdaohe section basically satisfies level Ⅱ of the Assessment Standards of Water Quality. In a word, due to the impact of industrial or domestic waste water, the water quality of the two sections has the tendency of becoming worse in recent years. The conclusions provide some references for river environmental pollution control of ERSNWD.
