CAJ | 학술논문

运用长时重复启动范式，探讨熟练和非熟练中-英双语者语言产生过程中非目标语言的激活与抑制。实验1探讨双语被试在学习阶段使用中文进行图片命名任务时，非目标语言英文概念层面的激活与抑制情况，结果发现，两种熟练水平的被试均没有出现重复启动效应；实验2探讨双语被试在学习阶段使用英文进行图片命名任务时，非目标语言中文概念层面的激活与抑制情况，结果发现，熟练双语被试没有出现重复启动效应，而非熟练双语被试出现了重复启动效应；实验3探讨非熟练双语被试在学习阶段使用英文进行图片命名任务时，非目标语言中文词汇层面的激活与抑制情况，结果没有出现重复启动效应。综合三个实验的结果可以表明，熟练中-英双语者语言产生过程中在概念层面上就对非目标语言（不管是一语还是二语）进行了抑制，而非熟练中-英双语者使用一语时可以在概念层面上抑制非目标语言（二语），但使用二语时不能在概念层面上抑制非目标语言（一语），要在词汇层面上才能抑制非目标语言（一语）。
운용장시중복계동범식，탐토숙련화비숙련중-영쌍어자어언산생과정중비목표어언적격활여억제。실험1탐토쌍어피시재학습계단사용중문진행도편명명임무시，비목표어언영문개념층면적격활여억제정황，결과발현，량충숙련수평적피시균몰유출현중복계동효응；실험2탐토쌍어피시재학습계단사용영문진행도편명명임무시，비목표어언중문개념층면적격활여억제정황，결과발현，숙련쌍어피시몰유출현중복계동효응，이비숙련쌍어피시출현료중복계동효응；실험3탐토비숙련쌍어피시재학습계단사용영문진행도편명명임무시，비목표어언중문사회층면적격활여억제정황，결과몰유출현중복계동효응。종합삼개실험적결과가이표명，숙련중-영쌍어자어언산생과정중재개념층면상취대비목표어언（불관시일어환시이어）진행료억제，이비숙련중-영쌍어자사용일어시가이재개념층면상억제비목표어언（이어），단사용이어시불능재개념층면상억제비목표어언（일어），요재사회층면상재능억제비목표어언（일어）。
An important question in research on bilinguals is whether bilinguals activate information in both languages even when they intend to speak in only one of their two languages. Psycholinguistic and neuroscientific investigations have provided inconsistent data regarding activation of the two languages by using explicit task paradigms. However, most prominent theories of bilingualism assume that mental representation of languages can be divided into a lexical （word form） and a conceptual （word meaning） level. Thus, the notion of activation was ill-defined in previous studies and it is unclear to which degree words from the non-target language are processed by bilinguals. Therefore, innovative paradigms, conceptual decision tasks and lexical decision tasks were designed in this study to further explore the activation and inhibition of non-target language in bilingual speech production. In the present study, we used the task of cross-language repetition priming. Participants from South China Normal University included sixty students of non-English-majors who did not pass CET Band 4 and forty students of English-majors. All participants were Chinese natives aging 18-25 years, who learned English as a second language from about the age of 11. Participants were randomly divided into different experiments. Each experiment consisted of a study block and a test block. In the study block, bilingual participants named the pictures in the target language, and in the test block they were instructed to make a concept decision （Experiment 1 and 2） or a lexical decision （Experiment 3）. Non-target language words were presented in the test block and half of their translation equivalents were used in the study block. Some new words never used in study block as fillers appeared in test block. Then, Study status （studied vs. non-studied） was manipulated in the test block. The response times and accurate rates were recorded. In experiment 1, there was no cross language repetition priming effect in both highly proficient and less proficient bilinguals. But in experiment 2, we observed cross language repetition priming effect with conceptual decision tasks only in less proficient bil!nguals. However, no cross language repetition priming effect was found with lexical decision tasks in experiment 3. The results revealed that for highly proficient Chinese-English bilinguals, the non-target language was inhibited on conceptual level during the speech production. But for less proficient Chinese-English bilinguals, the non-target language could be inhibited on conceptual level only when using the more dominant language; while using the less dominant language, the non-target language was just inhibited on lexical level but not on conceptual level.