软科学
軟科學
연과학
Soft Science
2011年
7期
67~71
,共null页
农业科研投资结构 生产率效应 空间面板模型
農業科研投資結構 生產率效應 空間麵闆模型
농업과연투자결구 생산솔효응 공간면판모형
agricultural research investment structure; productivity effect; spatial panel model
在考虑科研投资溢出效应的基础上,采用空间面板模型实证分析了不同农业科研投资结构对农业生产率增长的作用。结果表明:种植业科研投资的生产率效应被突出地表现出来,渔业、畜牧业的科研投资并没有得到有效重视,增加畜牧和渔业的科研投资能够改善科研投资的配置效率。在当前农业劳动力已出现结构性短缺的情况下,需要注重发挥技术的替代效应,加强对农机的科研投资。公务费、经营费、基建费和其他费用支出已影响到科研的资金使用,增加科研业务费用,适当减少这部分支出的比例,有助于农业科研投资效率的提高,试验与发展研究的公共投资比例过高,基础与应用研究投资不足,限制了企业对农业科研投资的参与。我国农业的公共科研投资应更多地集中于基础与应用研究,吸引企业参与试验与发展研究的投资,形成多元化的投资主体,更好地发挥农业科研投资对生产率的增长效应。
在攷慮科研投資溢齣效應的基礎上,採用空間麵闆模型實證分析瞭不同農業科研投資結構對農業生產率增長的作用。結果錶明:種植業科研投資的生產率效應被突齣地錶現齣來,漁業、畜牧業的科研投資併沒有得到有效重視,增加畜牧和漁業的科研投資能夠改善科研投資的配置效率。在噹前農業勞動力已齣現結構性短缺的情況下,需要註重髮揮技術的替代效應,加彊對農機的科研投資。公務費、經營費、基建費和其他費用支齣已影響到科研的資金使用,增加科研業務費用,適噹減少這部分支齣的比例,有助于農業科研投資效率的提高,試驗與髮展研究的公共投資比例過高,基礎與應用研究投資不足,限製瞭企業對農業科研投資的參與。我國農業的公共科研投資應更多地集中于基礎與應用研究,吸引企業參與試驗與髮展研究的投資,形成多元化的投資主體,更好地髮揮農業科研投資對生產率的增長效應。
재고필과연투자일출효응적기출상,채용공간면판모형실증분석료불동농업과연투자결구대농업생산솔증장적작용。결과표명:충식업과연투자적생산솔효응피돌출지표현출래,어업、축목업적과연투자병몰유득도유효중시,증가축목화어업적과연투자능구개선과연투자적배치효솔。재당전농업노동력이출현결구성단결적정황하,수요주중발휘기술적체대효응,가강대농궤적과연투자。공무비、경영비、기건비화기타비용지출이영향도과연적자금사용,증가과연업무비용,괄당감소저부분지출적비례,유조우농업과연투자효솔적제고,시험여발전연구적공공투자비례과고,기출여응용연구투자불족,한제료기업대농업과연투자적삼여。아국농업적공공과연투자응경다지집중우기출여응용연구,흡인기업삼여시험여발전연구적투자,형성다원화적투자주체,경호지발휘농업과연투자대생산솔적증장효응。
Based on considering spillover effect of research investment,this paper analyzes the effect of different agricultural research investment structure on productivity growth with spatial panel model.The results show that productivity effect of crop research investment is shown prominently;fisheries,livestock investment has not been paid attention to;increasing livestock and fisheries investment can improve the efficiency of research investment.In the current situation of shortage of agricultural labor,it is necessary to strengthen substitution effect of technology and machinery research investment.Public affairs cost,management expense,infrastructure expense and other expenses have affected the use of research funds.Increasing research expense and reducing the proportion of spending can improve the efficiency of agricultural research investment.High proportion of experimental research and development investment and shortage of basic and applied research investment restricted agricultural technology innovation.Public research investment of agriculture should be more focused on basic and applied research,and companies should be attracted in the investment of experiments and development research to form multiplex investors,which will better display productivity growth effect of agricultural research investment.