CAJ | 학술논문

以DEA-Malmquist全要素生产率指数为理论工具,对两岸三地主要沿海港口的动态效率予以评价,考量各地港口的竞争地位和竞争态势。研究发现：（1）港口总体绩效不佳,且呈逐年恶化趋势,可能是受金融危机影响;（2）规模无效率是港口绩效不佳的根源,可能是港口资源分散造成的;（3）香港地区港口竞争力最强,台湾地区最弱,大陆居中;（4）大陆地区,长三角港口竞争力最强,其次为环渤海、福建及珠三角;（5）据吞吐量-效率矩阵,两岸三地港口可划分为精干、强壮、肥胖和瘦弱四种类型;（6）台湾地区全要素生产率趋于下降,效率恶化和技术退步是其双重成因;大陆趋于优化,主要得益于技术进步;香港地区先提升、后停滞,但仍呈现一定技术进步特征。
이DEA-Malmquist전요소생산솔지수위이론공구,대량안삼지주요연해항구적동태효솔여이평개,고량각지항구적경쟁지위화경쟁태세。연구발현：（1）항구총체적효불가,차정축년악화추세,가능시수금융위궤영향;（2）규모무효솔시항구적효불가적근원,가능시항구자원분산조성적;（3）향항지구항구경쟁력최강,태만지구최약,대륙거중;（4）대륙지구,장삼각항구경쟁력최강,기차위배발해、복건급주삼각;（5）거탄토량-효솔구진,량안삼지항구가화분위정간、강장、비반화수약사충류형;（6）태만지구전요소생산솔추우하강,효솔악화화기술퇴보시기쌍중성인;대륙추우우화,주요득익우기술진보;향항지구선제승、후정체,단잉정현일정기술진보특정。
This paper adopts Data-Malmquist total factor productivity index to evaluate the dynamic efficiencies of main ports in Mainland China,Hongkong and Taiwan.The conclusions are as follows：（1） the overall performance of ports was poor,and became worse year by year due to financial crisis;（2） the scale inefficiency was the main reason of low overall technical efficiency,and the scale inefficiency was partly caused by the dispersion of port resources;（3） in the port competiveness ranking,Hongkong ranked the first,mainland China the second and Taiwan the last;（4） among different regions in mainland China,the Yangtze River Delta ranked the first,and then followed by Round Bohai Area,Fujian province and Pearl River Delta;（5） according to the throughput-efficiency matrix,the ports can be sorted in four categories including little scale and highly capable port,benchmark port,fatty port and weak port;（6） the MPI of Taiwan ports tended to decline due to efficiency deterioration and technical regress;the MPI of mainland China tended to upgrade due to technical progress;the MPI of Hongkong upgraded first and then bogged down,but still showed slight technical progress.