CAJ | 학술논문

改革开放以来，中国学前教育政策和管理体制经历了从企业／社区福利服务为主到社会化服务为主的体系转变。这种转变是导致学前教育服务不足的根源，致使中国学前教育当前出现了很多问题，如学前教育供给不足，地区差异大，服务质量不高，弱势群体入园难等，无法满足日益增长的社会需求和期望，使得“入园难”逐渐成为突出的社会问题。根据学前教育服务的现状，要实现《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010—2020年）》所设定的相关目标，应在认可学前服务有正外部效应的基础上，顺应中国公共服务发展的规律，建立政府责任明确的国家学前教育公共服务体系。政府要在财政政策上加大对农村学前教育的投入、充分考虑到东、中、西部的差异，帮助弱势家庭，为贫困儿童、流动儿童提供学前教育补贴。同时，优先保证中西部农村学前教育师资队伍，利用多种资源发展农村幼儿教育，逐步完善学前教育监管体系。
개혁개방이래，중국학전교육정책화관리체제경력료종기업／사구복리복무위주도사회화복무위주적체계전변。저충전변시도치학전교육복무불족적근원，치사중국학전교육당전출현료흔다문제，여학전교육공급불족，지구차이대，복무질량불고，약세군체입완난등，무법만족일익증장적사회수구화기망，사득“입완난”축점성위돌출적사회문제。근거학전교육복무적현상，요실현《국가중장기교육개혁화발전규화강요（2010—2020년）》소설정적상관목표，응재인가학전복무유정외부효응적기출상，순응중국공공복무발전적규률，건립정부책임명학적국가학전교육공공복무체계。정부요재재정정책상가대대농촌학전교육적투입、충분고필도동、중、서부적차이，방조약세가정，위빈곤인동、류동인동제공학전교육보첩。동시，우선보증중서부농촌학전교육사자대오，이용다충자원발전농촌유인교육，축보완선학전교육감관체계。
Since the initiation of the ＂reform and opening-up policy＂, China~s preschool education policy and administration system have experienced a dramatic change from the enterprise/community- based service system to the current social-oriented service system. This change has led to shortage of presehool services and hence resulted in numerous problems of the pre-school education in China, such as insufficient supplies, low quality of services, and low coverage rate among vulnerable groups. It fails to meet the soaring social demands and expectations for preschool education, which has then become a social issue. This paper analyzes the status of preschool education services, and reveals that establishing a national public preschool service system, to be based on the wide recognition of its positive external effects and the government responsibility, is essential to the achievement of the related goals set up by the National Middle/Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan （2010--2020）, and is also consistent with the evolution pattern of the Chinese public service system. Furthermore, this paper provides policy recommendations on government input and action priorities, and makes statistical predictions on pre- school service coverage trend, and discusses the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed government interventions.