心理科学进展
心理科學進展
심이과학진전
Advances In Psychological Science
2011年
12期
1842~1850
,共null页
刻板印象威胁外溢 刻板印象威胁促进效应 刻板印象威胁窒息效应
刻闆印象威脅外溢 刻闆印象威脅促進效應 刻闆印象威脅窒息效應
각판인상위협외일 각판인상위협촉진효응 각판인상위협질식효응
stereotype threat spillover, stereotype threat boost, stereotype threat choking
刻板印象威胁是指当个体或群体感知到情境中有关所属群体消极刻板印象存在时，由于担心和焦虑反而会验证自己或所属群体的消极刻板印象这一过程。大量的实证研究证实，消极刻板印象的存在会损害个体或群体在相关领域的表现。但新近研究在影响因素中出现了许多新的议题，如外溢效应、交互作用力和系统性等。在刻板印象威胁的应对和干预策略中也突破了以往的研究路线，围绕认同融合与认同分离、否定策略的适用性、促进效应与窒息效应、角色榜样策略的矛盾性、认同转换策略和弱化群体边界的有效性以及群体互动改善效果等展开了新的讨论与纷争。通过对这些新议题和新讨论的梳理与阐释，提出了未来研究可尝试的路径。
刻闆印象威脅是指噹箇體或群體感知到情境中有關所屬群體消極刻闆印象存在時，由于擔心和焦慮反而會驗證自己或所屬群體的消極刻闆印象這一過程。大量的實證研究證實，消極刻闆印象的存在會損害箇體或群體在相關領域的錶現。但新近研究在影響因素中齣現瞭許多新的議題，如外溢效應、交互作用力和繫統性等。在刻闆印象威脅的應對和榦預策略中也突破瞭以往的研究路線，圍繞認同融閤與認同分離、否定策略的適用性、促進效應與窒息效應、角色榜樣策略的矛盾性、認同轉換策略和弱化群體邊界的有效性以及群體互動改善效果等展開瞭新的討論與紛爭。通過對這些新議題和新討論的梳理與闡釋，提齣瞭未來研究可嘗試的路徑。
각판인상위협시지당개체혹군체감지도정경중유관소속군체소겁각판인상존재시，유우담심화초필반이회험증자기혹소속군체적소겁각판인상저일과정。대량적실증연구증실，소겁각판인상적존재회손해개체혹군체재상관영역적표현。단신근연구재영향인소중출현료허다신적의제，여외일효응、교호작용력화계통성등。재각판인상위협적응대화간예책략중야돌파료이왕적연구로선，위요인동융합여인동분리、부정책략적괄용성、촉진효응여질식효응、각색방양책략적모순성、인동전환책략화약화군체변계적유효성이급군체호동개선효과등전개료신적토론여분쟁。통과대저사신의제화신토론적소리여천석，제출료미래연구가상시적로경。
Stereotype threat has become one of the most vigorously explored topics of the past decade in social psychology. It is a situational predicament where individuals are at risk, by dint of their actions or behaviors, of confirming negative stereotypes about their groups. There are some new development and new controversy on the stereotype threat, such as stereotype threat spillover, interaction and systematic. More specifically, it has several new issues on the coping and intervention strategies, such as identity fusion, denial strategy, stereotype performance boosts, stereotype threat choking, role, identity change and coping with stereotype threat. We conclude with a discussion of the benefits, limitations, and unique contributions of stereotype threat to our understanding of stigma and social identity threat.
