CAJ | 학술논문

通过流行病学测查,探讨不同亚型ADHD儿童的行为、社会功能和共病问题。采用SDQ（长处与困难问卷）对4500名7-10岁（2-4年级）儿童进行大样本筛查,应用K-SADS-PL量表和DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准对其中263名高危儿童进行临床评估,诊断出119名儿童ADHD。诊断出的儿童ADHD中,男性与女性的比率为2.22：1,存在显著的性别差异。不同亚型的儿童ADHD行为有明显差异,混合型和多动型的SDQ量表中多动性不能分值显著高于注意缺陷型,混合型儿童ADHD的K-SADS-PL的症状分值显著低于注意缺陷型和多动型。儿童ADHD共病率为12.6%。
통과류행병학측사,탐토불동아형ADHD인동적행위、사회공능화공병문제。채용SDQ（장처여곤난문권）대4500명7-10세（2-4년급）인동진행대양본사사,응용K-SADS-PL량표화DSM-Ⅳ진단표준대기중263명고위인동진행림상평고,진단출119명인동ADHD。진단출적인동ADHD중,남성여녀성적비솔위2.22：1,존재현저적성별차이。불동아형적인동ADHD행위유명현차이,혼합형화다동형적SDQ량표중다동성불능분치현저고우주의결함형,혼합형인동ADHD적K-SADS-PL적증상분치현저저우주의결함형화다동형。인동ADHD공병솔위12.6%。
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）,a common disorder in children,has a strong impact on children＇s study and social adjustment.Although Comorbid psychiatric disorders have been found in many ADHD children,few researches have been conducted about it in China.The features of three subtypes of ADHD are different and the influences on children may also be dissimilar. The problems about behaviors and comorbidities among the different subtypes of 7-to 9-year-old ADHD children were investigated in this study.The authors would like to provide some guidance for ADHD children intervention. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire（SDQ） was used to screen 4500 cases of children aged 7-10 years old.The child was as at high risk if the total score was higher than the norm.Then 263 children at high risk were diagnosed by clinic doctors with K-SADSPL -a semi-structure examination that can clinically idenilify most of child affective disorder and schizophrenia.Through the diagnosis of clinic doctors the researchers sized up the situation of comorbidities about ADHD children,and finally 119 children of ADHD were confirmed. The authors found the gender ratio of ADHD children was 2.22：1,and the numbers of ADHD children between boys and girls were significantly different.Both the percentages of the Predominantly Inattentive Type（ADHD-IA） and the Combined Type ADHD （ADHD-C） were obviously more than 40%higher than the percentage of the Predominantly Hyperactive-Iimpulsive Type（ADHD-HI）. The behaviors of different subtypes ADHD children were obviously different.ADHD-C（M=8.75,SD=1.56） and ADHD-HI（M =8.45,SD=1.13） children were higher in hyperactivity score of SDQ than ADHD-HI（M=7.85,SD=2.16）.ADHD-C children had the worst social function among three subtypes in the total symptom domain of K-SADS-PL scores.The results showed that ADHDC was the worst among the three subtypes,and needed much more care. The rate of ADHD comorbid disorders was 12.6%,significantly lower than what was found in other countries,and enuresis（6 persons）,oppositional defiant disorder（5 persons）,separation anxiety disorder（2 persons）,acrophobia（1 person）,toureetes（1 person）.The key period of hyperactivity problems and peer interactions about ADHD children could be between 7 years and 8 years of age. Further researches are needed to explore why the rate of ADHD comorbid disorders are much lower than that in other countries.About the SDQ,some researchers have found that there are differences among teachers,fathers and mothers,so in future researches, combining teachers and parents to screen ADHD children might be a better way.