河南大学学报：社会科学版
河南大學學報：社會科學版
하남대학학보：사회과학판
Journal of Henan University(Social Science）
2012年
1期
152~156
,共null页
《尔雅》 辞书 训诂 编纂思想
《爾雅》 辭書 訓詁 編纂思想
《이아》 사서 훈고 편찬사상
Erya ; lexicographical works; hermeneutics; compilation thoughts
《尔雅》是我国第一部按义类编排的综合性辞书。其中，至少蕴藏着三个较为明显的编纂思想，一是“齐一殊言，归于统绪”的编纂宗旨，二是“类聚群分，比物连类”的分类思想，三是“由此及彼，递相引申”的训释逻辑。“齐一殊言，归于统绪”是《尔雅》编纂思想的核心，“类聚群分，比物连类”是在此基础上形成的分类思想，其产生同时受到了先秦“方以类聚，物以群分”思想的影响。而“由此及彼，递相引申”的训释逻辑则是编纂旨趣和分类思想共同作用下的产物，这一思想使得《尔雅》篇与篇之间、类与类之间、词条与词条之间、同一词条不同概念之间的联系非常紧密。《尔雅》所体现的三个编纂思想，主次分明，递相引申，共同构成了一个相对完整的思想体系，也由此奠定了《尔雅》在中国训诂史、辞书史上的不朽地位。
《爾雅》是我國第一部按義類編排的綜閤性辭書。其中，至少蘊藏著三箇較為明顯的編纂思想，一是“齊一殊言，歸于統緒”的編纂宗旨，二是“類聚群分，比物連類”的分類思想，三是“由此及彼，遞相引申”的訓釋邏輯。“齊一殊言，歸于統緒”是《爾雅》編纂思想的覈心，“類聚群分，比物連類”是在此基礎上形成的分類思想，其產生同時受到瞭先秦“方以類聚，物以群分”思想的影響。而“由此及彼，遞相引申”的訓釋邏輯則是編纂旨趣和分類思想共同作用下的產物，這一思想使得《爾雅》篇與篇之間、類與類之間、詞條與詞條之間、同一詞條不同概唸之間的聯繫非常緊密。《爾雅》所體現的三箇編纂思想，主次分明，遞相引申，共同構成瞭一箇相對完整的思想體繫，也由此奠定瞭《爾雅》在中國訓詁史、辭書史上的不朽地位。
《이아》시아국제일부안의류편배적종합성사서。기중，지소온장착삼개교위명현적편찬사상，일시“제일수언，귀우통서”적편찬종지，이시“류취군분，비물련류”적분류사상，삼시“유차급피，체상인신”적훈석라집。“제일수언，귀우통서”시《이아》편찬사상적핵심，“류취군분，비물련류”시재차기출상형성적분류사상，기산생동시수도료선진“방이류취，물이군분”사상적영향。이“유차급피，체상인신”적훈석라집칙시편찬지취화분류사상공동작용하적산물，저일사상사득《이아》편여편지간、류여류지간、사조여사조지간、동일사조불동개념지간적련계비상긴밀。《이아》소체현적삼개편찬사상，주차분명，체상인신，공동구성료일개상대완정적사상체계，야유차전정료《이아》재중국훈고사、사서사상적불후지위。
Erya is the earliest comprehensive dictionary compiled on the system of semantic meanings in China. It embodies at least three comparatively apparent compilation thoughts. Firstly, Erya conveys the compilation gist to standardize Chinese characters expressed differently in various historical stages or between official and dialectical languages. Secondly, it shows the classification principle to classify Chinese characters referring to the same object and collectively expounds their meanings. Thirdly, it displays the hermeneutic logic to connect closely vocabulary entries, semantic meanings and object categories. Being the core of the compilation thoughts in Erya , the compilation gist to standardize Chinese characters helps to form the classification principle which is also influenced by the idea of ＂Birds of a feather flock together＂ in Pre-Qin Dynasty. The hermeneutic logic in Erya is the fruit of ioint efforts between its compilation gist and classification principle. The compilation thoughts create a close relationship among chapters, categories, vocabulary entries, and different concepts of one entry. Distinguishing between the essential and the secondary principles, educing and relating each other, the three compilation thoughts in Erya constitute a comparatively complete system and establish an immortal position for Erya in the histories of Chinese hermeneutics and lexicography.
