CAJ | 학술논문

细胞自噬（autophagy）是真核细胞中普遍存在的生命现象,是将细胞内变形、衰老或损伤的蛋白质和细胞器转运到溶酶体腔中消化降解的一种代谢过程。它的分子发生机制和信号调控机制非常复杂且高度保守,其中,mTOR和Beclin1作为各种调控通路的汇集点发挥了至关重要的作用。不同形式与强度的运动训练对细胞自噬也有一定的调节作用。一般来说,适宜强度的运动训练可通过上调细胞自噬水平,降解由于运动刺激所积累的损伤细胞器和代谢废物,为细胞再生提供一定的能量与合成底物,并在抑制自噬相关疾病的发生发展方面具有建设性作用。但过度训练则会因为细胞自噬的过度激活从而过多降解胞浆中的蛋白质和细胞器,导致细胞损伤或疲劳,甚至可能诱发自噬性细胞死亡。另外,运动训练还能通过调节与细胞自噬相关的信号通路对骨骼肌质量产生重要作用。
세포자서（autophagy）시진핵세포중보편존재적생명현상,시장세포내변형、쇠로혹손상적단백질화세포기전운도용매체강중소화강해적일충대사과정。타적분자발생궤제화신호조공궤제비상복잡차고도보수,기중,mTOR화Beclin1작위각충조공통로적회집점발휘료지관중요적작용。불동형식여강도적운동훈련대세포자서야유일정적조절작용。일반래설,괄의강도적운동훈련가통과상조세포자서수평,강해유우운동자격소적루적손상세포기화대사폐물,위세포재생제공일정적능량여합성저물,병재억제자서상관질병적발생발전방면구유건설성작용。단과도훈련칙회인위세포자서적과도격활종이과다강해포장중적단백질화세포기,도치세포손상혹피로,심지가능유발자서성세포사망。령외,운동훈련환능통과조절여세포자서상관적신호통로대골격기질양산생중요작용。
Autophagy is a basic biological phenomenon which widely exists in eukaryotic cells.It＇s a metabolic process that degrades a bulk of misfolded or damaged proteins and organelles.Its molecular mechanisms and signaling regulatory mechanisms are highly complex and conserved.As the convergences of various pathways,mTOR and Beclin1 play a crucial role in regulation of autophagy.Different intensity and different forms of exercise training can also modulate autophagy.Generally speaking,appropriate intensity of exercise training can degrade damaged organelles and metabolic wastes as well as provide some energy and synthetic substrates for cell regeneration via upregulating autophagy;at the same time,it can play a constructive role in depress the occurrence and development of diseases in relation to autophagy.However,excessive training can lead to the excessive activation of autophagy and degrade portions of cytoplasm,proteins,and organelles.Eventually,it can lead to cell injury and fatigue,or may even induce autophagic cell death.Meanwhile,exercise training is of great significance to skeletal muscle mass via modulating signaling pathways in relation to autophagy.