CAJ | 학술논문

为了探查理解单个他人心理与解读互动心理的差异机制，在实验一和实验二中分别采用眼动和事件相关电位技术来测评个体解读中文四字成语中的单个他人心理和互动心理的加工过程。眼动实验发现，单人成语第二个字的总阅读时问显著长于物理成语；随后，互动成语前三字的凝视时间显著长于单人和物理成语。脑电实验发现，在成语呈现后500～700ms，解读单人和互动成语诱发的额区晚期正成分（LPC）平均波幅显著大于解读物理成语；之后在700．800ms，解读互动成语诱发的额中区LPC平均波幅显著大于解读单人和物理成语。眼动注视模式和脑电证据共同印证了理解单个他人的心理与理解多人的互动心理存在时问和强度上的差异。相对于物理表征和单人心理的加工，理解更为复杂的互动心理需要更长的加工时间和更强的神经活动。
위료탐사리해단개타인심리여해독호동심리적차이궤제，재실험일화실험이중분별채용안동화사건상관전위기술래측평개체해독중문사자성어중적단개타인심리화호동심리적가공과정。안동실험발현，단인성어제이개자적총열독시문현저장우물리성어；수후，호동성어전삼자적응시시간현저장우단인화물리성어。뇌전실험발현，재성어정현후500～700ms，해독단인화호동성어유발적액구만기정성분（LPC）평균파폭현저대우해독물리성어；지후재700．800ms，해독호동성어유발적액중구LPC평균파폭현저대우해독단인화물리성어。안동주시모식화뇌전증거공동인증료리해단개타인적심리여리해다인적호동심리존재시문화강도상적차이。상대우물리표정화단인심리적가공，리해경위복잡적호동심리수요경장적가공시간화경강적신경활동。
Two essential ingredients of everyday cognition are the ability to reason counterfactually and the ability to understand and predict other people＇s behaviour by attributing independent mental states to them （theory of mind）. Theory of mind gradually became one of the areas of much interest among developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. In everyday life, people interact in a variety of ways - playfully, competitively, cooperatively - and by their very nature, interactions are more conceptually and methodologically difficult to study than the behaviour and experience of a single person. Understanding the interactive mind is more complex than understanding the single-person mind. Using three types of Chinese four-character idioms--＇physical idioms＇, ＇single person idioms＇ and ＇interactive idioms＇, the present study was designed to explore the dissociative electrophysiological correlates between reading another＇s mind and reading the interactive mind. We report one eye-movement study （Experiment 1） and one ERP study （Experiment 2） investigating time course of reading another＇s mind and reading the interactive mind. Results from Experiment 1 showed that the total reading times of the second character in single person idioms were longer than in physical idioms. Furthermore, the gaze durations of the first three characters in interactive idioms were longer than in both physical idioms and single person idioms. Results from Experiment 2 showed that in the 500-700ms epoch, the mean amplitudes of the late positive component （LPC） over frontal for single person idioms and interactive idioms were significantly more positive than for physical idioms, while there was no difference between the former two. In the 700-800ms epoch, the mean amplitudes of the LPC over frontal-central for interactive idioms were more positive than for single person idioms and physical idioms, while there was no difference between the latter two. Our data provide a direct comparison between the electrophysiological correlates for reading another＇s mind as well as reading the interactive mind. Our findings show that reading the interactive mind overlaps the neural system capable of reading another＇s mind but requires the involvement of an additional system. Individuals first are able to read another＇s mind, and the reading the interactive mind builds on that earlier understanding by involving the same mental-state processing characteristic of reading another＇s mind plus an additional interactive mind processing system as well. We believe that reading another＇s mind and reading the interactive mind are two different levels of theory of mind. Reading another＇s mind is the basis for reading the interactive mind and the level of reading the interactive mind is higher than the level of reading another＇s mind.