CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于要素禀赋理论,在将劳动力划分为低、中、高技能三类的基础上,选取亚洲和拉丁美洲部分发展中国家1960-2005年的数据,建立非平衡面板模型,分析两地区的开放对国内收入分配的影响。实证结果表明,亚洲和拉丁美洲发展中国家的对外开放确实对国内收入不平等起到推动作用。目前的开放有利于中等技能劳动力相对丰裕的发展中国家,而不利于低技能劳动力相对丰裕的国家。总体的贸易依存度对拉美不平等的推动作用更大,但外资对亚洲不平等的推动作用更大;制造业出口倾向于扩大拉美国家的收入差距而缩小亚洲国家的收入差距。
본문기우요소품부이론,재장노동력화분위저、중、고기능삼류적기출상,선취아주화랍정미주부분발전중국가1960-2005년적수거,건립비평형면판모형,분석량지구적개방대국내수입분배적영향。실증결과표명,아주화랍정미주발전중국가적대외개방학실대국내수입불평등기도추동작용。목전적개방유리우중등기능노동력상대봉유적발전중국가,이불리우저기능노동력상대봉유적국가。총체적무역의존도대랍미불평등적추동작용경대,단외자대아주불평등적추동작용경대;제조업출구경향우확대랍미국가적수입차거이축소아주국가적수입차거。
Based on factor endowment theory and three skill categories, this paper uses the unbalanced panel data from 1960 to 2005 to compare the effect of openness on income inequality in developing countries of Asia and Latin America. The results show that openness raises income inequalities both in Asian and Latin American developing countries. The present international division pattern is of more benefit to mid-skilled labor abundant countries than unskilled labor abundant ones. The aggregate trade dependence contributes more to increase Latin America＇ s inequality, while FDI does more to increase Asia＇ s inequality. And manufacture export is likely to increase inequality in Latin American developing countries, but decreases inequality in Asian developing countries.