CAJ | 학술논문

西部农村边远地区教师数量不足、流失严重，影响着义务教育均衡发展。本文基于劳动经济学中的补偿性工资差别理论首先探讨了教师个体偏好与行为选择，并在此基础上分析了西部农村教师供求机制及政府激励教师供给的政策选择。然后，依托“西部地区基础教育发展项目”课题调研数据，对补偿性工资理论给出的教师工作条件与收入间的理论关系进行了验证。结果表明，那些在艰苦县学校工作的教师，确实得到了额外的补偿性收入；但在较差办学条件、高生师比等工作条件差学校任教的教师并没有获得经济上的补偿或是获得了更多的培训机会，本文认为这是造成农村偏远地区教师短缺的主要原因。最后，结合理论与实证分析，给出吸引与激励教师在西部农村地区任教的政策建议。
서부농촌변원지구교사수량불족、류실엄중，영향착의무교육균형발전。본문기우노동경제학중적보상성공자차별이론수선탐토료교사개체편호여행위선택，병재차기출상분석료서부농촌교사공구궤제급정부격려교사공급적정책선택。연후，의탁“서부지구기출교육발전항목”과제조연수거，대보상성공자이론급출적교사공작조건여수입간적이론관계진행료험증。결과표명，나사재간고현학교공작적교사，학실득도료액외적보상성수입；단재교차판학조건、고생사비등공작조건차학교임교적교사병몰유획득경제상적보상혹시획득료경다적배훈궤회，본문인위저시조성농촌편원지구교사단결적주요원인。최후，결합이론여실증분석，급출흡인여격려교사재서부농촌지구임교적정책건의。
In western rural remote areas, the teacher shortage and turnover affect the development of compulsory education equilibrium. Based on the wage difference compensatory theory of Labor economics, this paper discusses the teacher preference and behavior , and then analyzes the Supply -demand mechanism as well as the incentive policy made by the government. After the theoretical analysis, we examine the theoretical relation based on the sample survey conducted by ＂Basic Education Development Projects in Western China＂. The evidence shows that those teachers working in hard county schools indeed have got an extra compensatory income, but the other factors such as school running conditions, student/teacher ratio and training opportunities do not have a significant effect on teacher income. Finally, combined with the theory and empirical analysis, this paper gives some teacher incentive policies and suggestions for reducing western rural teacher＇ s turnover.