中国工业经济
中國工業經濟
중국공업경제
China Industrial Economy
2012年
2期
26~36
,共null页
期望值“哭泣曲线” 升级预期 决策偏好 升级能力
期望值“哭泣麯線” 升級預期 決策偏好 升級能力
기망치“곡읍곡선” 승급예기 결책편호 승급능력
"crying curve" of expected value-added; upgrading expectation; decision-making preferences;upgrading capacity
产业升级作为企业战略性选择,与决策者的决策偏好与升级预期密切相关。升级预期是决策者全面权衡成功与失败概率后的预期收益,不是价值链各环节输出值"U"型曲线(即所谓"微笑曲线"),而是价值链期望值倒"U"型曲线(即所谓"哭泣曲线")。面临"哭泣曲线",对多数理性的风险中性者而言,进入产业升级风险系数最小、期望值最大的生产加工环节,无疑是理性选择,由此使得发展中国家产业垂直升级出现低端锁定效应。因此培育企业家冒险精神,改变其决策偏好;提升升级能力,改变企业升级预期,是我国企业突破产业垂直升级低端锁定的主要路径。对中国沪深制造业上市公司数据的计量检验表明,上述结论基本准确,并且冒险精神、技术能力和营销能力对品牌升级影响贡献率达到90%以上,但不同类型产业企业品牌升级对核心能力的要求有所差异。
產業升級作為企業戰略性選擇,與決策者的決策偏好與升級預期密切相關。升級預期是決策者全麵權衡成功與失敗概率後的預期收益,不是價值鏈各環節輸齣值"U"型麯線(即所謂"微笑麯線"),而是價值鏈期望值倒"U"型麯線(即所謂"哭泣麯線")。麵臨"哭泣麯線",對多數理性的風險中性者而言,進入產業升級風險繫數最小、期望值最大的生產加工環節,無疑是理性選擇,由此使得髮展中國傢產業垂直升級齣現低耑鎖定效應。因此培育企業傢冒險精神,改變其決策偏好;提升升級能力,改變企業升級預期,是我國企業突破產業垂直升級低耑鎖定的主要路徑。對中國滬深製造業上市公司數據的計量檢驗錶明,上述結論基本準確,併且冒險精神、技術能力和營銷能力對品牌升級影響貢獻率達到90%以上,但不同類型產業企業品牌升級對覈心能力的要求有所差異。
산업승급작위기업전략성선택,여결책자적결책편호여승급예기밀절상관。승급예기시결책자전면권형성공여실패개솔후적예기수익,불시개치련각배절수출치"U"형곡선(즉소위"미소곡선"),이시개치련기망치도"U"형곡선(즉소위"곡읍곡선")。면림"곡읍곡선",대다수이성적풍험중성자이언,진입산업승급풍험계수최소、기망치최대적생산가공배절,무의시이성선택,유차사득발전중국가산업수직승급출현저단쇄정효응。인차배육기업가모험정신,개변기결책편호;제승승급능력,개변기업승급예기,시아국기업돌파산업수직승급저단쇄정적주요로경。대중국호심제조업상시공사수거적계량검험표명,상술결론기본준학,병차모험정신、기술능력화영소능력대품패승급영향공헌솔체도90%이상,단불동류형산업기업품패승급대핵심능력적요구유소차이。
As a strategical choice of an enterprise, upgrading is closely related to entreprenenr's decisionmaking preference and upgrading expectation. Upgrading expectation is the expected revenue after weighing probability of success. It is not the value-added output of a "U" shape value chain "smiling curve", but the expected value-added of a inverse "U" shape value chain "crying curve". Faced with the "crying curve", fi〉r most risk rational deciders, it is a rational choice to enter product links of minimum risk and maximum expected value, which leads to lock-in effect of vertical upgrading for developing countries. Therefore, cultivating entrepreneurs' spirit of adventure to change their decision-making preferences, promoting upgrading capacity to change upgrading expectations are main ways to breakthrough lock-in effect of vertical upgrading in China. In this paper, empirical analysis based on data from Shanghai and Shenzhen listed manufacturing companies proves that spirit of adventure, technical ability and marketing skills contribute more than 90% to brand upgrading, but different indusu~ regression analyses also show that enterprise's brand upgrading requests different core competence in different industries.