CAJ | 학술논문

本文以美国针对虚拟经济极端膨胀与实体经济弱化提出的“再工业化”为背景，以形象反映产业价值链特征的“微笑曲线”为基础，主要从制造业技术密集度分布格局、制造业与生产者服务业融合度的角度，依据中国“九五”时期、“十五”时期、“十一五”时期重点年份的中美投入产出表数据，对中美制造业发展程度进行对比分析，以寻求中国制造业产业升级、提升国际竞争力的路径。研究表明，从制造业技术密集度分布格局来看，中国趋于低端，美国制造业趋于高端且结构平衡稳定，但中国具备较大的发展潜力，两国差距正逐年缩小；从制造业与生产者服务业的融合度来看，中国制造业产业链在上下游与服务业的融合都与美国存在一定差距，尤其体现在科技研发方面。
본문이미국침대허의경제겁단팽창여실체경제약화제출적“재공업화”위배경，이형상반영산업개치련특정적“미소곡선”위기출，주요종제조업기술밀집도분포격국、제조업여생산자복무업융합도적각도，의거중국“구오”시기、“십오”시기、“십일오”시기중점년빈적중미투입산출표수거，대중미제조업발전정도진행대비분석，이심구중국제조업산업승급、제승국제경쟁력적로경。연구표명，종제조업기술밀집도분포격국래간，중국추우저단，미국제조업추우고단차결구평형은정，단중국구비교대적발전잠력，량국차거정축년축소；종제조업여생산자복무업적융합도래간，중국제조업산업련재상하유여복무업적융합도여미국존재일정차거，우기체현재과기연발방면。
Based on the method of smile curve to reflect industry value chain, this paper comparedU.S. and China＇s manufacturing competitiveness from the aspects of distribution pattern of technology-in- tensive manufacturing, integration of manufacturing and producer services, to explore the path of Chinesemanufacturing industry upgrading, and improve its international competitiveness during the ninth, tenth and eleventh five-year periods, under the background of reindustrialization, which proposed by U.S. re-garding the extreme expansion of the virtual economy and weakening of the real economy. The empirical results showed that China was still in a lower level, while U. S. was stably in a higher level from the tech-nology-intensive manufacturing distribution. However, China＇s growth potential was huge and the gap was shrinking every year. From the balanced integration of manufacturing and producer services, Chinawas significantly weaker than U. S. , especially in R＆D.