河南科技大学学报:社会科学版
河南科技大學學報:社會科學版
하남과기대학학보:사회과학판
Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology:Social science
2012年
1期
105~107
,共null页
环境侵权 赔偿责任 惩罚性赔偿
環境侵權 賠償責任 懲罰性賠償
배경침권 배상책임 징벌성배상
environmental tort; liability for compensation; punitive damages
环境污染具有范围广、潜伏期长、通过生物链富集、随生态环境发生动态变化等特点,所以应适用惩罚性赔偿的是"环境污染致害侵权",而不包括侵犯自然资源用益物权的情况。我国现行法律制度中的赔偿机制已经难以弥补环境污染受害者的损失,导致环境侵权案例中违法者违法成本远小于其所获的经济利益,受害者的维权成本却相当高的现象。因此有必要在环境侵权法中适用惩罚性赔偿,以惩戒污染者,遏制污染行为,进而保护我们的生态环境。
環境汙染具有範圍廣、潛伏期長、通過生物鏈富集、隨生態環境髮生動態變化等特點,所以應適用懲罰性賠償的是"環境汙染緻害侵權",而不包括侵犯自然資源用益物權的情況。我國現行法律製度中的賠償機製已經難以瀰補環境汙染受害者的損失,導緻環境侵權案例中違法者違法成本遠小于其所穫的經濟利益,受害者的維權成本卻相噹高的現象。因此有必要在環境侵權法中適用懲罰性賠償,以懲戒汙染者,遏製汙染行為,進而保護我們的生態環境。
배경오염구유범위엄、잠복기장、통과생물련부집、수생태배경발생동태변화등특점,소이응괄용징벌성배상적시"배경오염치해침권",이불포괄침범자연자원용익물권적정황。아국현행법률제도중적배상궤제이경난이미보배경오염수해자적손실,도치배경침권안례중위법자위법성본원소우기소획적경제이익,수해자적유권성본각상당고적현상。인차유필요재배경침권법중괄용징벌성배상,이징계오염자,알제오염행위,진이보호아문적생태배경。
Environmental pollutions often last for a long time in large scales,which also will bioconcentrate in plants and animals,and change from time to time.Thus the damages caused by environmental pollutions deserve punitive damages,while the natural resources tort cannot be concluded.The damage compensation mechanisms in China legal system cannot recover all the damages of plaintiffs,which leads to the polluters will consider less of others' right in order to get more benefits from pollutions,and the victims have to cost much to protect their legal rights.In one word,it is necessary to apply punitive damages system in environmental tort law,aiming to punish polluters and deter such harmful polluting conducts,and protect our living environment.