CAJ | 학술논문

对近4届世界游泳锦标赛上高水平（决赛和半决赛）自由泳运动员的运动成绩进行分析,其中男、女各224人共历时7年。通过各分段时间与最终成绩的相关分析,以及历届不同水平、性别的优秀运动员在各个项目上的分段时间进行研究。结果发现,在任何项目上,不论水平高低,自由泳运动员都呈现较为类似的时间分配模式,其中在短距离项目上,水平越高的运动员前后半程的分段时间差越小并趋于均衡;在中距离项目上,男子运动员后半程保持速度的能力优于女子,历届世锦赛的获胜者在每个分段上处于领先位置,尤其在途中的游速上;同时长距离项目上水平较高的运动员在途中的分段时间有明显的下降趋势（加速）且变化较小,而水平稍差的运动员有明显的上升趋势（减速）。建议教练员和运动员在保持总分段时间分配特征的前提下,通过技术优化和力量训练来提高分段成绩,进一步提高比赛成绩。
대근4계세계유영금표새상고수평（결새화반결새）자유영운동원적운동성적진행분석,기중남、녀각224인공력시7년。통과각분단시간여최종성적적상관분석,이급력계불동수평、성별적우수운동원재각개항목상적분단시간진행연구。결과발현,재임하항목상,불론수평고저,자유영운동원도정현교위유사적시간분배모식,기중재단거리항목상,수평월고적운동원전후반정적분단시간차월소병추우균형;재중거리항목상,남자운동원후반정보지속도적능력우우녀자,력계세금새적획성자재매개분단상처우령선위치,우기재도중적유속상;동시장거리항목상수평교고적운동원재도중적분단시간유명현적하강추세（가속）차변화교소,이수평초차적운동원유명현적상승추세（감속）。건의교련원화운동원재보지총분단시간분배특정적전제하,통과기술우화화역량훈련래제고분단성적,진일보제고비새성적。
Swimming performance was analyzed for top level freestyle swimmer（semi-finalists and finalists） in nearly four Swimming World Championships over 7-year period（224 males,224 female）.The pattern of lap time adopted in international swimming competition was evaluated by quantifying the relationship of each lap to final time and characterizing the elite swimmers in each event regardless of the gender,finish position.The result indicated a similar pattern of lap time was adopted in each event of the top level swimmers,the different of lap time was reduced in forth and back event of sprint event;the ability of maintain in the middle laps speed of male swimmers super to the female swimmers in the middle event,each competition in swimming world championship the winner maintained a lead through each of the intermediate laps,especially in speed of middle laps.The winner had their lap time distribution of swimming as descending line and with very small difference between lap times in the entire distance.Other swimmers had ascending line or flat line.So coaches and swimmers should look to address improvement in technique and fitness in laps that will result in the greatest performance.