CAJ | 학술논문

由于知识的外部性，知识溢出这个新的区位因子正逐渐构成企业空间竞争的新变量，成为企业选址的关键因素之一。企业是否选址产业集群，实质上是对集群内知识溢出所带来的正负效应的权衡。一方面，知识溢出具有典型的局域性特征，吸引企业选址同一区域，强化了集群现象；另一方面，作为知识溢出载体的产业集群，通过本地生产网络、合作创新、人才流动、非正式交流等机制促进了知识的流动，在为企业减少创新成本的同时，也增加了集群内企业知识损失的风险。因此，不同特征的企业有不同的选址行为：处于学习和模仿创新阶段的中小企业趋于选址集群内，但是对具有一定规模和较强研发技术能力的企业而言，为了防止信息的泄露，往往定位于集群之外。
유우지식적외부성，지식일출저개신적구위인자정축점구성기업공간경쟁적신변량，성위기업선지적관건인소지일。기업시부선지산업집군，실질상시대집군내지식일출소대래적정부효응적권형。일방면，지식일출구유전형적국역성특정，흡인기업선지동일구역，강화료집군현상；령일방면，작위지식일출재체적산업집군，통과본지생산망락、합작창신、인재류동、비정식교류등궤제촉진료지식적류동，재위기업감소창신성본적동시，야증가료집군내기업지식손실적풍험。인차，불동특정적기업유불동적선지행위：처우학습화모방창신계단적중소기업추우선지집군내，단시대구유일정규모화교강연발기술능력적기업이언，위료방지신식적설로，왕왕정위우집군지외。
For the externality, knowledge spillover has gradually become a key factor affectsing corporation＇ s location choice. The cor- poration＇ s location choice depends on both the positive effects and the negative effects from the knowledge spillover. Knowl- edge spillover features typical local district, which attracts more corporations to select identical location. On the other hand,it is found that as knowledge spillover carrier, industry cluster promotes knowledge flow through the mechanism of local pro- duction network, cooperation, talent flow, and informal communication, and reduces the innovation cost at the same time increases the risks of corporation knowledge loss. Therefore, the corporations of different characteristics make different choice： the medium and small - sized ones in imitation innovation stage tend to locate inside the cluster, but for those with strong a- bility of technology research, they tend to locate outside the cluster in order to prevent the leakage of information.