CAJ | 학술논문

矮寨苗语差比句的典型语序有＂结果＋ηη22（和）＋基准＂和＂pi44（比）＋基准＋结果＂两类。前者是本语的,后者是借自汉语的。本语的基准标记ηη22＂和＂与苗语其他方言的基准标记没有同源关系,由动词ηη22＂跟随＂语法化而来。通过苗语三个方言以及跨境苗语的对比发现,基准标记pi44＂比＂是由汉借动词pi44＂比＂语法化而来。pi44＂比＂用作苗语差比标记的时间上限是清代。矮寨苗语之所以能够借用汉语的＂pi44比＋基准＋结果＂语序,语言接触只是外因,内因是矮寨苗语语言系统具有与之相似的语序。矮寨苗语差比句的典型语序有＂结果＋ηη22（和）＋基准＂和＂pi44（比）＋基准＋结果＂两类。前者是本语的,后者是借自汉语的。本语的基准标记ηη22＂和＂与苗语其他方言的基准标记没有同源关系,由动词ηη22＂跟随＂语法化而来。通过苗语三个方言以及跨境苗语的对比发现,基准标记pi44＂比＂是由汉借动词pi44＂比＂语法化而来。pi44＂比＂用作苗语差比标记的时间上限是清代。矮寨苗语之所以能够借用汉语的＂pi44比＋基准＋结果＂语序,语言接触只是外因,内因是矮寨苗语语言系统具有与之相似的语序。
왜채묘어차비구적전형어서유＂결과 ＋ηη22（화）＋기준＂화＂pi44（비）＋기준＋결과＂량류。전자시본어적,후자시차자한어적。본어적기준표기ηη22＂화＂여묘어기타방언적기준표기몰유동원관계,유동사ηη22＂근수＂어법화이래。통과묘어삼개방언이급과경묘어적대비발현,기준표기pi44＂비＂시유한차동사pi44＂비＂어법화이래。pi44＂비＂용작묘어차비표기적시간상한시청대。왜채묘어지소이능구차용한어적＂pi44비＋기준＋결과＂어서,어언접촉지시외인,내인시왜채묘어어언계통구유여지상사적어서。왜채묘어차비구적전형어서유＂결과 ＋ηη22（화）＋기준＂화＂pi44（비）＋기준＋결과＂량류。전자시본어적,후자시차자한어적。본어적기준표기ηη22＂화＂여묘어기타방언적기준표기몰유동원관계,유동사ηη22＂근수＂어법화이래。통과묘어삼개방언이급과경묘어적대비발현,기준표기pi44＂비＂시유한차동사pi44＂비＂어법화이래。pi44＂비＂용작묘어차비표기적시간상한시청대。왜채묘어지소이능구차용한어적＂pi44비＋기준＋결과＂어서,어언접촉지시외인,내인시왜채묘어어언계통구유여지상사적어서。
The typical word order of comparative sentence of Aizhai Hmong are two categories ＂ comparative result＋ηη22（和）＋ standard ＂ and ＂（比）＋ standard ＋ comparative result＂.The former is the native language,the later is borrowed from Chinese.The standard mark of the native language ηη22＂和＂ has no marked homology basis with other Hmong dialects,is syntax of the verb ηη22＂跟随＂.It is found that standard mark pi44＂比＂is borrowed from the Chinese verb pi44＂比＂,by comparing three Hmong dialects and cross-border＇s Hmong.The time pi44＂比＂was used as a mark of comparative sentence is by the Qing Dynasty.Aizhai Hmong language having a similar system of word order with the Chinese language is its internal reason of why Aizhai Hmong have been able to borrow the word order＂ pi44 比＋ standard ＋result＂ from Chinese,and language contact is external.