CAJ | 학술논문

基于日常经验取向，运用理论建构和深度访谈的方法，研究责任的心理结构以及责任情境的认知特征。对207名被试访谈研究的结果表明：（1）个体体察到的责任情境，在职业活动和个人生活领域存在类型和归因取向上的差异；（2）个体对责任情境性质的判定与责任事件最终能否达到预期目标有关；（3）责任心理结构是一个由责任认知、责任情感和责任行为构成的一元单向决定模式。
기우일상경험취향，운용이론건구화심도방담적방법，연구책임적심리결구이급책임정경적인지특정。대207명피시방담연구적결과표명：（1）개체체찰도적책임정경，재직업활동화개인생활영역존재류형화귀인취향상적차이；（2）개체대책임정경성질적판정여책임사건최종능부체도예기목표유관；（3）책임심리결구시일개유책임인지、책임정감화책임행위구성적일원단향결정모식。
Responsibility is a social and cuhural phenomenon, as well as a mental and behavioral phenomenon. To analyze and enquire the psychological law of responsibility from the viewpoint of social psychology is of profound theoretical and practical significance. West- ern and Chinese psychologists attach great importamce to the task about the mental framework of responsibility. However, according to Auhagen A. （2001）, most of their methods are short of ecological validity. Based on an everyday-experience approach, this paper explored the mental framework of responsibility and several other issues related to responsibility situations. On the basis of stratified sampling, 207 participants from Shanghai, Nanjing, Xi＇ an and Xining participated in the research. Open-ended and close-ended interviews were used in the study. In the open-ended interviews, each participant was asked to recollect and describe two personally experienced responsibility situations or occurrences which happened in recent days. And one of the responsibility situations or occurrences happened in their work or study; the other occurred in their personal life. The content that the participants described involved the time when the situation occurred its origin, procedure and result ; in addition, the participants were asked to measure whether the responsibility situation or occurrence was positive or negative to themselves. In the close-ended interviews, both methods consisted of theoretical construction and the explorative factor analysis （EFA） were used and 31 items associated with cognition, emotion and behavior of sibility were extracted. According to the items, a Responsibility Close-ended Interviews Questionnaire （RCIQ） was developed. Then the participants responded RCIQ in accordance with the responsibility situations or occurrences which they had recollected and described in the open-ended interviews. Statistics analysis was made by SPSS 11.0 and AMOS 4. The former was used to get the cognition characteristics of responsibility situation and responsibility mental factors ; the latter was used to construct the mental framework of responsibility with Confirmatory Factor Analysis （CFA）. We obtained the following results and conclusions ：（ 1 ） Responsibility is a social phenomenon experienced continually by people in everyday life. （2） The kind of responsibility situation recalled by an interviewer is different in private and professional life ： the former focuses on interrelation, whereas the latter focuses on performing duty. （3） In professional life, the causation of the situation tends to be attributed to other people; but in private life, it is often attributed to oneself. （4） The judgment of a responsibility situation depends upon whether the results of the situation fit one＇ s expectation. （5） The mental factors of responsibility consist of 20 primary elements, such as causation of the situation, serf-efficacy, the sense of achievement, and inner motive . EFA showed there were 20 main factors accounting for 68.72% of the total variance. （6） The mental framework of responsibility which is made up of responsibility cognition, responsibility emotion and responsibility conduct forms a one-way operating pattern. CFA showed that the fit indices, such as AGFI, CFI and NNFI, were all over . 95.