CAJ | 학술논문

本文采用全国两次经济普查后的修订数据,引入＂技术不会遗忘＂假定,运用序列DEA-Malmquist生产率指数法测算了1990—2010年中国服务业细分行业的全要素生产率（TFP）、技术进步、纯技术效率与规模效率增长率。结果表明,中国服务业总体及细分行业的TFP均处于上升通道,在上世纪90年代,服务业TFP增长的主导因素是技术效率改进,进入21世纪后,则主要是技术进步提高,且技术效率改进已开始由以纯技术效率为主转向以规模效率为主,但服务业发展的粗放型特征仍然明显。同时,中国服务业TFP增长表现出了较大的行业异质性;与工业（制造业）行业对比,服务业TFP增长是滞后的。2010年与1991年相比,TFP及技术效率增长的行业间异质程度有所下降,而技术进步却有进一步拉大的迹象。可能的内在机制是现代信息技术对不同服务业企业资源配置的异质影响,以及中国服务业体制改革的渐进式道路。
본문채용전국량차경제보사후적수정수거,인입＂기술불회유망＂가정,운용서렬DEA-Malmquist생산솔지수법측산료1990—2010년중국복무업세분행업적전요소생산솔（TFP）、기술진보、순기술효솔여규모효솔증장솔。결과표명,중국복무업총체급세분행업적TFP균처우상승통도,재상세기90년대,복무업TFP증장적주도인소시기술효솔개진,진입21세기후,칙주요시기술진보제고,차기술효솔개진이개시유이순기술효솔위주전향이규모효솔위주,단복무업발전적조방형특정잉연명현。동시,중국복무업TFP증장표현출료교대적행업이질성;여공업（제조업）행업대비,복무업TFP증장시체후적。2010년여1991년상비,TFP급기술효솔증장적행업간이질정도유소하강,이기술진보각유진일보랍대적적상。가능적내재궤제시현대신식기술대불동복무업기업자원배치적이질영향,이급중국복무업체제개혁적점진식도로。
This paper measures the growth rates of total factor productivity（TFP）,technological progress,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency in China＇s service industries from 1990 to 2010,using sequential DEA-Malmquist productivity index method,based on the revised data after the first and second national economic census and the assumption that ＂technology will not be forgotten＂.Empirical results suggest that services TFP in overall level and sub-industry level are all rising.The dominant factors leading to TFP growth are technical efficiency improvements in the 1990s and technological progress after 2000.Technical efficiency improvements have gradually transformed from pure technical efficiency to scale efficiency,while the extensive features of service industries development are still evident.Meanwhile,China＇s services TFP growth demonstrates strong heterogeneous pattern and lags behind that of manufacturing industries.From 1991 to 2010,the inter-industry heterogeneity of technical efficiency and TFP has decreased,while that of technological progress is increasing.Possible intrinsic mechanisms are the heterogeneous effects of modern information technology on the resource allocation of the different service firms and the gradual path of service industries＇ institutional reform in China.