CAJ | 학술논문

在理论层面上,本文在效用理论基础上对脆弱性进行了定义并对其分解以反映消费的不平等性和波动性。在实证分析层面上,本文使用CFPS（Chinese Family Panel Studies）数据对中国农村家庭脆弱性进行量化与分解。量化结果表明多数农村家庭是脆弱的;分解结果发现相对于村间不平等,村内不平等是脆弱性的主要组成部分。家庭脆弱性及五个分解部分对家庭特征集合变量的OLS回归结果表明：增加农村家庭收入是降低其脆弱性最有效的手段;提高劳动力平均受教育水平能够有效降低家庭脆弱性,但大学教育支出会显著提高家庭的脆弱性水平,这较好地解释了目前出现的农村籍高中生弃考大学这一现象;新型农村合作医疗和社会保险能有效降低农村家庭脆弱性;社会资本、更大的家庭规模和更高的劳动力占比有利于降低家庭脆弱性,这能较好地解释中国农村家庭频繁的送礼活动以及倾向于组建大家庭的现象。
재이론층면상,본문재효용이론기출상대취약성진행료정의병대기분해이반영소비적불평등성화파동성。재실증분석층면상,본문사용CFPS（Chinese Family Panel Studies）수거대중국농촌가정취약성진행양화여분해。양화결과표명다수농촌가정시취약적;분해결과발현상대우촌간불평등,촌내불평등시취약성적주요조성부분。가정취약성급오개분해부분대가정특정집합변량적OLS회귀결과표명：증가농촌가정수입시강저기취약성최유효적수단;제고노동력평균수교육수평능구유효강저가정취약성,단대학교육지출회현저제고가정적취약성수평,저교호지해석료목전출현적농촌적고중생기고대학저일현상;신형농촌합작의료화사회보험능유효강저농촌가정취약성;사회자본、경대적가정규모화경고적노동력점비유리우강저가정취약성,저능교호지해석중국농촌가정빈번적송례활동이급경향우조건대가정적현상。
Vulnerability can combine inequality with volatility of household＇s consumption to reflect household＇s welfare level.Based on utility theory,this paper discusses the vulnerability definition and decomposes it to investigate inequality and volatility of household＇s consumption.We use CFPS data to analyze household＇s vulnerability in rural China.The results show that the majority of rural households are vulnerable,and comparing with the inter-village inequality,intra-village inequality is the main source of vulnerability.We also find that increasing rural household＇s income is the most effective method to decrease its vulnerability.Enhancing average educational level of household＇s labors can effectively reduce it,but expenditure on higher education can significantly increase it.The new rural cooperative medical system and social insurance are capable of decreasing it to a large extent.Social capital,family size and a higher labor force ratio are conductive to decreasing it,which can effectively explain why households in rural China tend to be big ones,and frequent ceremonial activities among relatives and friends.