CAJ | 학술논문

科学界关于“原型启发”催化创造发明中顿悟发生的事例十分普遍，从中国的“鲁班从带齿边的茅草中得到启发而发明锯子”的传说，到“瓦特从沸腾的开水壶上受到启发而发明蒸汽机”的经典故事，都说明“原型启发”是创造发明的一种重要思维方式。然而，由于创造发明思维过程的复杂性，国内外关于创造性思维脑机制的研究还停留在非科学问题解决的研究上。依据科学家运用原型启发而成功发明创造的最新实例，项目组编制了《创造发明实验问题材料库》，并计划以功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）和事件相关电位（ERP）作为技术手段系统探讨原型启发催化创造发明中顿悟发生的脑机制，例如，原型激活和启发信息利用的脑机制、问题意识下灵感捕捉的脑机制以及原型知识表征、动机与情绪状态、大脑工作状态等因素对原型启发影响的脑机制。该研究的开展，对理解人类的创造性本质具有重要的理论意义，对培养和激发人的创造力具有一定的实践价值。
과학계관우“원형계발”최화창조발명중돈오발생적사례십분보편，종중국적“로반종대치변적모초중득도계발이발명거자”적전설，도“와특종비등적개수호상수도계발이발명증기궤”적경전고사，도설명“원형계발”시창조발명적일충중요사유방식。연이，유우창조발명사유과정적복잡성，국내외관우창조성사유뇌궤제적연구환정류재비과학문제해결적연구상。의거과학가운용원형계발이성공발명창조적최신실례，항목조편제료《창조발명실험문제재료고》，병계화이공능성자공진성상（fMRI）화사건상관전위（ERP）작위기술수단계통탐토원형계발최화창조발명중돈오발생적뇌궤제，례여，원형격활화계발신식이용적뇌궤제、문제의식하령감포착적뇌궤제이급원형지식표정、동궤여정서상태、대뇌공작상태등인소대원형계발영향적뇌궤제。해연구적개전，대리해인류적창조성본질구유중요적이론의의，대배양화격발인적창조력구유일정적실천개치。
Numerous cases have shown that insight appears to occur when inventions were induced by heuristic prototypes in the scientific community. From the Chinese legend of Luban invented the saw which drew inspiration from acrodont couch grass to the classical story of Watt invented the steam engine inspired by looking at a pot of boiling water, too many such cases suggested that ＇prototype heuristics＇ might be an important way of thinking in inventions. However, the neural basis of creative thinking is still stuck in researches of solving unscientific problems due to the complexity of the processing of the scientific innovation. Based on the latest scientific inventions in which scientists drew inspiration from heuristic prototypes, our group of this project has complied the material database of creative problem for experiments Using functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） and event-related potential （ERP）, the present project aims to explore the cognitive neural mechanisms of insight induced by heuristic prototype in invention. Specifically, we plan to investigate the cognitive neural basis of influences on heuristic prototypes, such as activation of prototype, application of heuristic information, catching inspiration under the problematic consciousness, prototype representation, motivation and emotional state, working situation of brain etc. So it has important theory significance to understand the essence of human creative thinking as well as practical significance to stimulate and nurture human creativity to carry out this project.