CAJ | 학술논문

天津市作为一个典型的工业城市。工业行业能源效率水平决定了其能否完成“十二五”期间单位生产总值能耗比“十一五”末下降18％的国家节能降耗考核目标。正确把握影响工业行业能源效率变动的因素是天津市寻求节能降耗途径的关键。本文以1998—2008年天津市工业行业的能源消耗面板数据为样本。通过引入非参数Malmquist生产率指数，从技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率指数角度分析天津市工业行业全要素能源效率变化情况，并运用Tobit模型估计工业化水平、工业内部结构、技术进步、产权结构、政府影响力、进出口贸易和能源消费结构等要素对工业行业全要素能源效率变化的影响程度。研究表明：1998—2008年期间。天津市工业行业闻的能源效率差异显著，整体全要素能源效率不断提高。技术进步是其提高的主要原因，但技术效率表现为负增长；工业化水平、技术进步、进出口贸易和能源消费结构的调整对工业行业能源效率的提升具有不同程度的促进作用，但重工业和国有经济比重的增加及政府对能源市场的干预对能源效率的提升起负向作用。因此，天津市工业行业能源效率的进一步提高，需要大力开发、推广和使用先进技术及设备，加强对外开放力度，降低重工业和国有经济比重。充分发挥市场调节能源配置的优势。
천진시작위일개전형적공업성시。공업행업능원효솔수평결정료기능부완성“십이오”기간단위생산총치능모비“십일오”말하강18％적국가절능강모고핵목표。정학파악영향공업행업능원효솔변동적인소시천진시심구절능강모도경적관건。본문이1998—2008년천진시공업행업적능원소모면판수거위양본。통과인입비삼수Malmquist생산솔지수，종기술진보、순기술효솔화규모효솔지수각도분석천진시공업행업전요소능원효솔변화정황，병운용Tobit모형고계공업화수평、공업내부결구、기술진보、산권결구、정부영향력、진출구무역화능원소비결구등요소대공업행업전요소능원효솔변화적영향정도。연구표명：1998—2008년기간。천진시공업행업문적능원효솔차이현저，정체전요소능원효솔불단제고。기술진보시기제고적주요원인，단기술효솔표현위부증장；공업화수평、기술진보、진출구무역화능원소비결구적조정대공업행업능원효솔적제승구유불동정도적촉진작용，단중공업화국유경제비중적증가급정부대능원시장적간예대능원효솔적제승기부향작용。인차，천진시공업행업능원효솔적진일보제고，수요대력개발、추엄화사용선진기술급설비，가강대외개방력도，강저중공업화국유경제비중。충분발휘시장조절능원배치적우세。
Whether Tianjin, as a typical industrial city, can implement the assessment of national energy saving target that energy consumption per unit of GDP will decrease 18% during the 12th Five-Year Plan compared to the end of the 1 hh is determined by the level of industrial energy efficiency. The key for Tianjin to searching the way of energy saving is accurately grasping the factors that affect the changes of industrial energy efficiency. By using the panel data of industrial energy consumption in Tianjin during 1998 - 2008 as samples and employing nonparametric Malmquist index of productivity, we analyze the changes of industrial total factor energy efficiency from the perspective of technical progress, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency index, and apply the Tobit model to estimate the degree of effect made by the factors such as industrialization standard, internal structure of industry, technical progress, influences of government, import and export trade as well as energy consumption structure on the change of industrial total factor energy efficiency in this paper. The study indicates that： during 1998 -2008, difference of energy efficiency among industries in Tianjin is obvious and the wholeness of total factor energy efficiency improves constantly mainly because of technical progress, while the technique efficiency shows negative growth; the adjustment of industrialization standard, import and export, technical progress and energy consumption structure have varied degrees of simulative impact on the promotion of industrial energy efficiency, while government intervention in energy market and the increasing proportion of heavy industry and state-owned economy have negative impact on it. Therefore, it is necessary for further improvement in industrial energy efficiency in Tianjin to forcefully develop, extend and use advanced techniques and equipment, intensify opening up, decrease the proportion of heavy industry and state-owned economy and take advantage of market regulation of energy configuration adequately.