CAJ | 학술논문

16-19世纪的三百年间,澳门在近代全球贸易体系中扮演过一个举足轻重的角色。作为一块特殊的＂飞地＂,清朝政府从未放弃澳门主权,葡萄牙政府对澳门进行局部的、有限的管治。这种独特的人文地理环境,给世界各国的冒险家提供了大大小小的生存机会。以船民、通事、工匠、仆人为代表的历史小人物,利用澳门这个舞台与外部世界交流沟通,依靠日益繁盛的中外贸易谋生,熟练掌握和传播西洋文明的知识,甚至得到出洋的机会。这类目不识丁的平民百姓,往往比读书人更具冒险精神和开拓意识,更早走出中国和开眼看世界,对澳门乃至中国历史发挥着潜移默化的作用。
16-19세기적삼백년간,오문재근대전구무역체계중분연과일개거족경중적각색。작위일괴특수적＂비지＂,청조정부종미방기오문주권,포도아정부대오문진행국부적、유한적관치。저충독특적인문지리배경,급세계각국적모험가제공료대대소소적생존궤회。이선민、통사、공장、부인위대표적역사소인물,이용오문저개무태여외부세계교류구통,의고일익번성적중외무역모생,숙련장악화전파서양문명적지식,심지득도출양적궤회。저류목불식정적평민백성,왕왕비독서인경구모험정신화개탁의식,경조주출중국화개안간세계,대오문내지중국역사발휘착잠이묵화적작용。
Playing a vital role in the global trading network from the 16th to the 19th centuries,Macau could be considered an ＂enclave＂ from the Chinese government＇s point of view or ＂exclave＂ in the eyes of the Portuguese government.It was against such a unique human geographical context that adventurers found Macau a heaven to seek opportunities.Focusing on four categories of people,namely,boat people,interpreters,craftsmen,and servants,this article demonstrates how plebian in Macau was able to master practical Western skills and knowledge while working with Westerners.Some of them even went aboard and worked overseas.Many of them were not only able to make a living but also achieve upward social mobility.Compared to most Chinese literati,the plebian,who was in most cases illiterate,was more adventurous to gain a glimpse of the outside world.The long-term impact that they left on Macau and China should never be underestimated.