CAJ | 학술논문

形状偏好是指儿童语言发展过程中倾向于认为相同形状的物体拥有相同名称的现象。已有研究采用词汇拓展、分类和归纳推理等任务发现，2—3岁甚至更早的幼儿就已经表现出形状偏好，且表现受刺激物的属性、创造者的意图和功能及因果／比较关系等因素影响。然而，形状偏好现象存在着联结观和概念观两种不同的解释。未来的研究应该采用认知神经科学的方法，并结合发展中的其它问题，从特殊被试和跨文化的角度来探讨这一现象的神经机制。
형상편호시지인동어언발전과정중경향우인위상동형상적물체옹유상동명칭적현상。이유연구채용사회탁전、분류화귀납추리등임무발현，2—3세심지경조적유인취이경표현출형상편호，차표현수자격물적속성、창조자적의도화공능급인과／비교관계등인소영향。연이，형상편호현상존재착련결관화개념관량충불동적해석。미래적연구응해채용인지신경과학적방법，병결합발전중적기타문제，종특수피시화과문화적각도래탐토저일현상적신경궤제。
Shape bias, which is well known in language development of children, refers to the phenomenon that children tend to extend the name of target objects to test objects sharing the same shape. This phenomenon has been observed on the performance of three years old or even younger children in some paradigms, such as the words extension, category and inductive reasoning. Following studies have found that this phenomenon was modulated by various factors, including the attributes of stimulus, intention of designer, causal/comparative relation and social-pragmatic cues. There are two different theoretical explanations for the shape bias： the association view and conceptual view. However, until now, these theories haven＇t been integrated yet. Future studies are necessary to further explore the neural mechanism of shape bias in terms of neurobiological approach, cross-cultural studies and special samples.