CAJ | 학술논문

实验1考察了自我损耗对工作记忆的影响。40名6年级小学生被随机分配到实验组和控制组，分别完成损耗任务和非损耗任务。结果发现，与控制组相比，实验组被试的工作记忆容量明显降低。实验2考察积极情绪能否克服自我损耗对工作记忆的负面影响。40名6年级小学生参加了实验。在完成损耗任务后，采用自传式回忆的方法诱发实验组的积极情绪。结果发现，诱发被试的积极情绪体验，能够克服自我损耗对于工作记忆的消极影响。
실험1고찰료자아손모대공작기억적영향。40명6년급소학생피수궤분배도실험조화공제조，분별완성손모임무화비손모임무。결과발현，여공제조상비，실험조피시적공작기억용량명현강저。실험2고찰적겁정서능부극복자아손모대공작기억적부면영향。40명6년급소학생삼가료실험。재완성손모임무후，채용자전식회억적방법유발실험조적적겁정서。결과발현，유발피시적적겁정서체험，능구극복자아손모대우공작기억적소겁영향。
Self-regulation is a key point for success. However, self-regulation failure happened more often. Baumeister and his colleagues proposed an ego-depletion model for this phenomenon. According to this model, self-regulation needs energy similar to muscle＇ s strength and is limited. The energy will be lost temporally when an individual does a self-control task and that is the so-called ego-depletion. Then people＇ s performance in the second task which needs self-regulation will get worse. Recently, many researchers demonstrate that not only self-regulation but also executive function needs resources. That is to say, ego-depletion may hinder executive function ＇ s working. Working memory is well-known as a main component of executive function. Will it be influenced by ego-depletion.9 This study included two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the effect of ego-depletion on working memory. 40 sixth graders （20 boys, 20 girls） were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group and reacted to the color-word stroop depleting task or the non-depleting task respectively. Then all subjects completed working memory span tasks. The result showed that ego-depletion tasks impaired working memory, and the capacity of working memory of the experimental group decreased significantly compared with the control group. Experiment 2 investigated whether the negative effect of ego-depletion on working memory could be eliminated by positive emotion. The subjects were 40 sixth graders （21 boys, 19girls）. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group and both groups reacted to the color-word stroop depleting task firsL Then positive emotion was priming using autobiographical memory in the experimental group, while the control group had a rest for three minutes. Finally, all subjects completed the working memory span task. The result showed the working memory capacity of the experimental group was significantly greater than that of the control group and there was no difference compared with the non-depletion group in Experiment 1. Our conclusions ：（ 1 ） Ego-depletion had a negative influence on working memory; the capacity of working memory would decline quickly when subjects suffered from ego-depletion. （2） The negative effect of ego-depletion on working memory could be eliminated by positive emotion.