CAJ | 학술논문

近年来,＂民工荒＂愈演愈烈,劳工短缺成为中国经济发展必须面对的客观现实,在这一背景下,探讨农民工离职意愿具有重要意义。基于2010年7月对珠三角和长三角地区2276位农民工调查数据的分析发现,未来五年内,65.4%的农民工有离职打算,其中新生代农民工离职意愿较高,珠三角农民工较长三角农民工离职意愿更高,已婚且与配偶在同一城市者离职意愿低。本文进一步探讨了工作嵌入对农民工离职意愿的影响后发现,农民工工作内和工作外的联接、适应和代价的程度越高,离职意愿越低。本文认为农民工的雇佣关系是一种＂脱嵌型雇佣关系＂,这是导致农民工高离职意愿的重要原因。本文还对＂脱嵌型雇佣关系＂的定义、维度和后果进行了初步阐述。
근년래,＂민공황＂유연유렬,노공단결성위중국경제발전필수면대적객관현실,재저일배경하,탐토농민공리직의원구유중요의의。기우2010년7월대주삼각화장삼각지구2276위농민공조사수거적분석발현,미래오년내,65.4%적농민공유리직타산,기중신생대농민공리직의원교고,주삼각농민공교장삼각농민공리직의원경고,이혼차여배우재동일성시자리직의원저。본문진일보탐토료공작감입대농민공리직의원적영향후발현,농민공공작내화공작외적련접、괄응화대개적정도월고,리직의원월저。본문인위농민공적고용관계시일충＂탈감형고용관계＂,저시도치농민공고리직의원적중요원인。본문환대＂탈감형고용관계＂적정의、유도화후과진행료초보천술。
Since 2004, labor shortage has become prominent and it is the reality that China＇ s economy must face. Under this condition, it is of great significance to discuss the turnover intention of peasant-workers, an area that has been virtually not studied yet. This study was based on the survey of more than 2,000 peasant-workers in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta in 2010, conducted jointly by the Department of Sociology and Social Work of Sun Yat-Sen University and the Department of Sociology of Shanghai University. The focus of the study was to discuss the turnover intention of peasant-workers according to the perspectives from the theory of job embeddedness. Our analysis revealed that 65.4 percent of the peasant-workers intended to leave in the next five years, with the second generation of peasant-workers having a higher intention to leave, those in the Pearl River Delta wanting more to leave than those in the Yangtze River Delta, but married couples, especially when both in the same city, having lower intention to leave. What had led to the peasant-workers＇ desire to leave？ The logit regression model found that job embeddedness had a significant effect on peasant-workers＇ intention to leave. To be specific, the higher the connection between the job and non-job areas, fitness, and investments, the lower turnover intention of the peasant-workers. Putting the job embeddedness theory and the reality of the Chinese peasant-workers~ employment relationship together, this paper concludes that the current peasant-workers＇ employment relationship is of disembedded nature. The paper further tries to describe the definition, dimensions, and consequences of disembedded employment relationship, which is seen in the three aspects of work, communities, and institutions. Specifically, this means that the subjects, forms, and contents of employment relationship are no longer constrained by the interpersonal relationships, organizational structures, or institutional arrangements inside the workplace nor by the social connections across communities and cities, cultures, social structures, or public services outside the workplace. These are the main reasons for the high turnover intention and turnover rates of peasant-workers.