CAJ | 학술논문

本文考察相对收入和相对消费对人们的影响程度,并比较社会中不同收入的不平等程度是否对这种影响起作用。笔者在中国城镇居民中进行了调查实验,用特定指标衡量人们对收入和消费的相对性关注程度。实证分析发现：（1）相对收入和绝对收入对个人效用的影响始终存在,但在炫耀性消费品（如汽车和住房）和非炫耀性消费品（如假期和保险）上的影响程度不同;（2）人们对相对收入和相对消费的关注程度较为集中在同一个区间里;（3）教育程度和职业显著地影响相对收入对人们的效用,男性比女性显著地更加在意汽车和住房的相对消费;（4）社会收入不平等没有显著影响对相对收入的关注度,但对住房消费的相对性有影响。这些发现为我们了解消费行为决策和认识宏观经济中收入不平等的消费效应有一定的启示。
본문고찰상대수입화상대소비대인문적영향정도,병비교사회중불동수입적불평등정도시부대저충영향기작용。필자재중국성진거민중진행료조사실험,용특정지표형량인문대수입화소비적상대성관주정도。실증분석발현：（1）상대수입화절대수입대개인효용적영향시종존재,단재현요성소비품（여기차화주방）화비현요성소비품（여가기화보험）상적영향정도불동;（2）인문대상대수입화상대소비적관주정도교위집중재동일개구간리;（3）교육정도화직업현저지영향상대수입대인문적효용,남성비녀성현저지경가재의기차화주방적상대소비;（4）사회수입불평등몰유현저영향대상대수입적관주도,단대주방소비적상대성유영향。저사발현위아문료해소비행위결책화인식굉관경제중수입불평등적소비효응유일정적계시。
This paper examined the degree to which individuals are concerned with relative income and relative consumption, and tested whether such concerns were affected by the inequality level in the society. Based on a survey conducted among Chinese residents, this paper measured the degree of relative concern for income and consumption goods. This paper concluded that individuals always cared about both relative position and absolute position, but the degree of relative concern was different for positional goods （such as car and housing） and non-positional goods （such as insurance and vacation） . The range of most individuals＇ relative concern was not very wide. Education and occupation affected the relative income and absolute income. The degree of relative concern was mostly not affected by income inequality level in the society except for housing. The findings had important implications for the micro and macro studies on consumptions.