CAJ | 학술논문

恩格斯写作《费尔巴哈论》的直接目的是为了批判施达克对费尔巴哈思想的理解。恩格斯在正式评析“费尔巴哈哲学”主题之前，先讨论了“黑格尔哲学”和“哲学基本问题”。原因在于，恩格斯要通过这两个问题的讨论澄清和阐明两个层面的前提：第一，深层的批判前提，费尔巴哈为什么需要施达克保护，为什么施达克通过“唯心主义”的定性就能达到保护的目的；第二，批判的直接前提，既然施达克用来“保护费尔巴哈”的根据是“唯心主义”，那么施达克意义上的“唯心主义”是什么，唯心主义与唯物主义的真实内涵又是什么。理解了这两个理论前提，就能明白恩格斯《费尔巴哈论》的批判逻辑。
은격사사작《비이파합론》적직접목적시위료비판시체극대비이파합사상적리해。은격사재정식평석“비이파합철학”주제지전，선토론료“흑격이철학”화“철학기본문제”。원인재우，은격사요통과저량개문제적토론징청화천명량개층면적전제：제일，심층적비판전제，비이파합위십요수요시체극보호，위십요시체극통과“유심주의”적정성취능체도보호적목적；제이，비판적직접전제，기연시체극용래“보호비이파합”적근거시“유심주의”，나요시체극의의상적“유심주의”시십요，유심주의여유물주의적진실내함우시십요。리해료저량개이론전제，취능명백은격사《비이파합론》적비판라집。
The direct purpose for Engels to write ＂On Feuerbach＂ was to criticize Shi Dake＇s understanding of Feuerbach＇s ideas. In that work, Engels discussed ＂Hegel＇s philosophy＂and ＂basic issues of philosophy＂ before he started his formal analysis of Feuerbach＇s philosophy, The reason for this arrangement is that Engels meant to clarify and explain a premise at two levels through discussion of these two issues. The first one is the premise for deep criticism, that is, why Feuerbach should need protection from Shi Dake, and how did Shi Dake managed to achieve his protection purpose by means of defining ＂idealism＂. The second one is the direct premise of criticism. In other words, since Sift Dake had resorted to ＂idealism＂ to protect Feuerbach, then what Shi Dake had meant by ＂idealism＂, and what the true connotations of idealism and materialism were. These two theoretical premises can help us understand Engels＇logic of criticism in ＂On Feuerbach＂.