中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2012年
5期
63~65
,共null页
生物承载力 生态足迹 中国 绿色经济 绿色发展
生物承載力 生態足跡 中國 綠色經濟 綠色髮展
생물승재력 생태족적 중국 록색경제 록색발전
biological capacity; ecological footprint; China; green economy; green development
从2008年开始,世界自然基金会（WWF）与中国环境与发展国际合作委员会（国合会）联合,通过与国内外智库的合作引入＂生态足迹＂理念,从自然资源消耗与＂生物承载力＂之间关系的角度来研究中国经济发展所面临的资源环境问题。研究表明,2007年人类在消耗着1.5个地球。过去半个世纪以来,中国的生态足迹总量2007年已经是1961年的4倍,尽管中国的人均生态足迹水平仍然低于世界平均水平,但是已经突破了1个地球的均衡水平。与全球平均类似,中国生态足迹中最主要的组成部分是碳足迹,占54%。解决中国的生态足迹超支问题,关键是降低碳足迹。目前,中国的能源供给仍然高度依赖于化石能源,超过一半的能源供给来自于煤炭,中国和世界其它国家一样将面临化石能源枯竭问题。中国作为一个处于经济快速发展过程中的能耗大国,应及时调整产业结构和基础设施供给模式,在积极应对气候变化的同时提前应对自身可能面临的能源问题。中国所面临的现实决定了中国不能重复发达国家的高增长高资源消耗的老路,需要转变经济发展方式,发展绿色经济,为全球走向可持续发展道路提供探索的机会。
從2008年開始,世界自然基金會（WWF）與中國環境與髮展國際閤作委員會（國閤會）聯閤,通過與國內外智庫的閤作引入＂生態足跡＂理唸,從自然資源消耗與＂生物承載力＂之間關繫的角度來研究中國經濟髮展所麵臨的資源環境問題。研究錶明,2007年人類在消耗著1.5箇地毬。過去半箇世紀以來,中國的生態足跡總量2007年已經是1961年的4倍,儘管中國的人均生態足跡水平仍然低于世界平均水平,但是已經突破瞭1箇地毬的均衡水平。與全毬平均類似,中國生態足跡中最主要的組成部分是碳足跡,佔54%。解決中國的生態足跡超支問題,關鍵是降低碳足跡。目前,中國的能源供給仍然高度依賴于化石能源,超過一半的能源供給來自于煤炭,中國和世界其它國傢一樣將麵臨化石能源枯竭問題。中國作為一箇處于經濟快速髮展過程中的能耗大國,應及時調整產業結構和基礎設施供給模式,在積極應對氣候變化的同時提前應對自身可能麵臨的能源問題。中國所麵臨的現實決定瞭中國不能重複髮達國傢的高增長高資源消耗的老路,需要轉變經濟髮展方式,髮展綠色經濟,為全毬走嚮可持續髮展道路提供探索的機會。
종2008년개시,세계자연기금회（WWF）여중국배경여발전국제합작위원회（국합회）연합,통과여국내외지고적합작인입＂생태족적＂이념,종자연자원소모여＂생물승재력＂지간관계적각도래연구중국경제발전소면림적자원배경문제。연구표명,2007년인류재소모착1.5개지구。과거반개세기이래,중국적생태족적총량2007년이경시1961년적4배,진관중국적인균생태족적수평잉연저우세계평균수평,단시이경돌파료1개지구적균형수평。여전구평균유사,중국생태족적중최주요적조성부분시탄족적,점54%。해결중국적생태족적초지문제,관건시강저탄족적。목전,중국적능원공급잉연고도의뢰우화석능원,초과일반적능원공급래자우매탄,중국화세계기타국가일양장면림화석능원고갈문제。중국작위일개처우경제쾌속발전과정중적능모대국,응급시조정산업결구화기출설시공급모식,재적겁응대기후변화적동시제전응대자신가능면림적능원문제。중국소면림적현실결정료중국불능중복발체국가적고증장고자원소모적로로,수요전변경제발전방식,발전록색경제,위전구주향가지속발전도로제공탐색적궤회。
World Wide Fund for Nature （WWF） has introduced the ecological footprint concept into China since 2008, cooperating with China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development and working with both Chinese and international think tanks. From WWF＇s point of view, it is critical to study and address the environmental and resource challenges that China＇s economic development is facing, by understanding the relationship between demand for and consumption of natural resources and the bio-capacity of the natural systems. Researches have shown that the humanity is using 1.5 Earth planets. China＇s gross ecological footprint in 2007 was 4 times as much as that in 1961, due to the doubling of both population size and ecological footprint per capita. Although lower than the world average, China＇s ecological footprint per capita has exceeded the level of one Earth planet. Similar to the average level of the world, the carbon footprint in China is the main component of the ecological footprint, accounting for 54%. The key to addressing China＇s ecological footprint is to reduce the carbon footprint. China＇s current energy supply largely relies on fossil fuels, with more than half from coal. Just like any other countries in the world, China is facing challenges resulted from the depletion of fossil fuels. As a large energy consumer still in her rapid economic development stage, China should adjust industrial and infrastructure structures to address both energy supply and climate change challenges. China needs to transform its development pattern by embarking on a green economy. China＇s leapfrog from the resource intensive growth mode will offer the world an opportunity to explore a new path towards a global sustainable development so that humanity can live and thrive within the limit of one planet.
