中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2012年
6期
45~51
,共null页
气候变化 碳税 能源密集型产业：产业国际竞争力
氣候變化 碳稅 能源密集型產業：產業國際競爭力
기후변화 탄세 능원밀집형산업：산업국제경쟁력
climate change; carbon tax; energy-intensive industry; industrial international competitiveness
碳税是学术界和国际组织极力推荐的一种温室气体减排措施。但征收碳税可能会对征收国的能源密集型产业国际竞争力产生负面影响。一直以来这个问题都是各国普遍担心的，也是各国能否顺利实施碳税政策的重要政治考量。文章对碳税对OECI）国家能源密集型产业国际竞争力的影响进行实证研究，以借鉴OECD国家碳税政策实施经验．为中国碳税政策制定提供借鉴。文章在对基本引力模型进行改进的基础上，引入一组碳税政策变量构建了碳税对能源密集型产业国际竞争力影响的计量模型，以21个OECD国家为研究对象，对征收碳税对这些国家的能源密集型产业（选取9个产业}国际竞争力的影响进行计量分析。研究发现，碳税对能源密集型产业的国际竞争力有显著的负面影响。尤其是对区位敏感型产业国际竞争力的影响更明显。在此基础上．文章提出对我国碳税政策制订的启示：适当使用缓解和补偿措施；合理使用碳税收入；遵循循序渐进原则，逐步形成完善的碳税税制。
碳稅是學術界和國際組織極力推薦的一種溫室氣體減排措施。但徵收碳稅可能會對徵收國的能源密集型產業國際競爭力產生負麵影響。一直以來這箇問題都是各國普遍擔心的，也是各國能否順利實施碳稅政策的重要政治攷量。文章對碳稅對OECI）國傢能源密集型產業國際競爭力的影響進行實證研究，以藉鑒OECD國傢碳稅政策實施經驗．為中國碳稅政策製定提供藉鑒。文章在對基本引力模型進行改進的基礎上，引入一組碳稅政策變量構建瞭碳稅對能源密集型產業國際競爭力影響的計量模型，以21箇OECD國傢為研究對象，對徵收碳稅對這些國傢的能源密集型產業（選取9箇產業}國際競爭力的影響進行計量分析。研究髮現，碳稅對能源密集型產業的國際競爭力有顯著的負麵影響。尤其是對區位敏感型產業國際競爭力的影響更明顯。在此基礎上．文章提齣對我國碳稅政策製訂的啟示：適噹使用緩解和補償措施；閤理使用碳稅收入；遵循循序漸進原則，逐步形成完善的碳稅稅製。
탄세시학술계화국제조직겁력추천적일충온실기체감배조시。단정수탄세가능회대정수국적능원밀집형산업국제경쟁력산생부면영향。일직이래저개문제도시각국보편담심적，야시각국능부순리실시탄세정책적중요정치고량。문장대탄세대OECI）국가능원밀집형산업국제경쟁력적영향진행실증연구，이차감OECD국가탄세정책실시경험．위중국탄세정책제정제공차감。문장재대기본인력모형진행개진적기출상，인입일조탄세정책변량구건료탄세대능원밀집형산업국제경쟁력영향적계량모형，이21개OECD국가위연구대상，대정수탄세대저사국가적능원밀집형산업（선취9개산업}국제경쟁력적영향진행계량분석。연구발현，탄세대능원밀집형산업적국제경쟁력유현저적부면영향。우기시대구위민감형산업국제경쟁력적영향경명현。재차기출상．문장제출대아국탄세정책제정적계시：괄당사용완해화보상조시；합리사용탄세수입；준순순서점진원칙，축보형성완선적탄세세제。
Carbon tax, as a GHG-emission-reducing measure, is strongly recommended by academic circles and international organizations. But many countries are concerned about the potential negative impact of a carbon tax on their international competitiveness of energy intensive industries;it is a very important political concern for a country to implement carbon tax policy. Therefore, this paper analyzes this issue empirically, and studyies the impact of carbon tax on the international competitiveness of the energy-intensive industries of OECD countries. Based on the basic gravity model, this paper has improved the model by introducing a set of carbon tax policy variables to measure the impact of carbon tax on the international competitiveness of the energy-intensive industries. 21 OECD countries and 9 sample energy-intensive industries are studied in this part. The results show that carbon tax has a statistically negative impact on the international competitiveness of energy-intensive industries. This is particularly true when the focus is on the non-resource based industries, possibly because different levels of subsidies and exemptions are granted for different industries affected by the carbon tax. Compared with resource-based industries, non-resource based industries gain more subsidies and exemptions.
