CAJ | 학술논문

生态补偿作为一种新型的资源与环境管理手段，越来越受到国内外学者的关注。在过去20年里。国内外学者对生态补偿的概念、机制、模式、标准及生态补偿的效益等做了大量研究，但由于生态补偿具有很强的学科交叉性和地域差异·陛，致使上述研究尚存在较大分歧。生态补偿标准关系到生态补偿的可行性及效果，因此是生态补偿研究的核心，但目前还没有公认的爨化方法。本文以黄河三角洲湿地为研究对象，探讨了依据生态价值损失来制定生态补偿标准的途径。文章首先运用市场价值法、环境保护投入费用评价法、生态价值法、成果参数法等计算了黄河三角洲因湿地面积减少和环境污染造成的直接市场价值和生态服务功能价值的损失量。然后以生态价值损失量为依据制定了湿地生态补偿的资金分配方案和补偿标准。研究结果表明，不同湿地类型的补偿标准不同。对于同一湿地类型，以生态功能价值损失为依据制定的补偿标准远高于以市场价值损失为依据制定的补偿标准。本研究为黄河三角洲地区实施湿地生态补偿提供了重要科学依据。
생태보상작위일충신형적자원여배경관리수단，월래월수도국내외학자적관주。재과거20년리。국내외학자대생태보상적개념、궤제、모식、표준급생태보상적효익등주료대량연구，단유우생태보상구유흔강적학과교차성화지역차이·폐，치사상술연구상존재교대분기。생태보상표준관계도생태보상적가행성급효과，인차시생태보상연구적핵심，단목전환몰유공인적찬화방법。본문이황하삼각주습지위연구대상，탐토료의거생태개치손실래제정생태보상표준적도경。문장수선운용시장개치법、배경보호투입비용평개법、생태개치법、성과삼수법등계산료황하삼각주인습지면적감소화배경오염조성적직접시장개치화생태복무공능개치적손실량。연후이생태개치손실량위의거제정료습지생태보상적자금분배방안화보상표준。연구결과표명，불동습지류형적보상표준불동。대우동일습지류형，이생태공능개치손실위의거제정적보상표준원고우이시장개치손실위의거제정적보상표준。본연구위황하삼각주지구실시습지생태보상제공료중요과학의거。
Ecological compensation as a new type of resource and environmental management has increasingly become a concern among Chinese and international scholars. Over the past 20 years, many international scholars have investigated the concepts, mechanisms, models, and methods of eeo-compensation; however, eco-compensation issues have significant interdisciplinary and regional differences, causing discrepancy between results and conclusions. Compensation standards, which relate to compensation effects and feasibility, are foundational to ecological compensation. However, experts have different views on how to establish compensation standards. Therefore, this paper discusses the method of ecological compensation standards formulated. First, market value loss and ecological function value loss, caused by reduction of wetland area and environmental pollution; were calculated using commonly accepted methods of market valuation, ecological valuation, environmental protection investment cost analysis, and outcome parameters. And then, according to market value loss and ecological function value loss, fund allocation for wetlands and ecological compensation standard was preliminarily calculated. The results of the study show that the compensation standard of ecosystem services is far greater than the standard of market value. It is evident that the wetland ecological functions are crucial. This will provide an important reference for the future Yellow River Delta eco-compensation studies.