西亚非洲
西亞非洲
서아비주
West Asia and Africa
2012年
3期
116~127
,共null页
美以关系 苏伊士运河危机 艾森豪威尔 奥巴马
美以關繫 囌伊士運河危機 艾森豪威爾 奧巴馬
미이관계 소이사운하위궤 애삼호위이 오파마
U.S. -Israel Relations; The Suez Crisis; Dwight D. Eisenhower;Barack H. Obama
1956年10月，以色列在美国总统大选前8天，不顾艾森豪威尔政府预先劝诫，在英、法两国幕后策划下，对埃及发动先发制人的打击。艾森豪威尔总统为此采取一系列行动，如诉诸联合国、启动对以经济制裁、甚至威胁驱逐其出联合国，最终实现被他称之为“侵略者”的三方无条件停火撤退。艾森豪威尔成功的范例给2012年面临同样难题的奥巴马提供了一些历史经验：美国的外交不能被一个小盟国所捆绑，即便他们曾是美国的“铁杆”朋友。美国只有坚持公正、理性与原则，且在冲突中支持受害者，才能最大程度上维护美国的利益与形象，并最终使美国成为中东最具有决定性的外部力量。
1956年10月，以色列在美國總統大選前8天，不顧艾森豪威爾政府預先勸誡，在英、法兩國幕後策劃下，對埃及髮動先髮製人的打擊。艾森豪威爾總統為此採取一繫列行動，如訴諸聯閤國、啟動對以經濟製裁、甚至威脅驅逐其齣聯閤國，最終實現被他稱之為“侵略者”的三方無條件停火撤退。艾森豪威爾成功的範例給2012年麵臨同樣難題的奧巴馬提供瞭一些歷史經驗：美國的外交不能被一箇小盟國所捆綁，即便他們曾是美國的“鐵桿”朋友。美國隻有堅持公正、理性與原則，且在遲突中支持受害者，纔能最大程度上維護美國的利益與形象，併最終使美國成為中東最具有決定性的外部力量。
1956년10월，이색렬재미국총통대선전8천，불고애삼호위이정부예선권계，재영、법량국막후책화하，대애급발동선발제인적타격。애삼호위이총통위차채취일계렬행동，여소제연합국、계동대이경제제재、심지위협구축기출연합국，최종실현피타칭지위“침략자”적삼방무조건정화철퇴。애삼호위이성공적범례급2012년면림동양난제적오파마제공료일사역사경험：미국적외교불능피일개소맹국소곤방，즉편타문증시미국적“철간”붕우。미국지유견지공정、이성여원칙，차재충돌중지지수해자，재능최대정도상유호미국적이익여형상，병최종사미국성위중동최구유결정성적외부역량。
Regardless of the exhortation of the Eisenhower Administration in advance, Israel formulated a secret plan with Britain and France, and took a pre- emptive military strike on Egypt in October 1956, just eight days before U. S. presidential election. In order to stop Israel, Britain and France, President Ei- senhower made a range of efforts, which included presenting a cease - fire resolution to the UN against Israel, proposing the U. S. Congress to agree with launching eco- nomic sanctions, and even threatening to have Israel expelled from the United Na- tions. All these strong pressures finally forced the three parties, which he called ag- gressors, to cease fire and retreat unconditionally. The experience of Eisenhower＇ s wise response to the Suez Crisis might provide historical lessons for President Obama： U. S. foreign policy could not be bound by a small country＇ s plan, even though this country is a friend of the United States. America should pursue the just, rational stance of obeying the rules and supporting the victims in a conflict. Through these ways, the state interests and international prestige of the United States could be maintained to a great extent. Since then, America gradually became the most in- fluential force in the Middle East.
