CAJ | 학술논문

人们对运动目标最终位置的记忆常常会向运动方向发生偏移，这种偏移被称为“表征动量”。现有研究对表征动量的解释涉及从低水平的知觉加工到高水平的认知加工等多个方面。本研究采用不同材质和滚动声音的球体作为刺激材料，考察高水平的质量表征对表征动量的影响以及知觉水平的眼动信息在其中的作用。实验1探讨了对目标质量的主观表征对眼动追踪和表征动量的影响。结果显示，质量表征会同时影响眼动追踪和表征动量。实验2通过不同的提示线索控制眼动追踪，进一步探讨眼动过度追踪对表征动量的影响。我们发现，非自然追踪的条件下，表征动量会减小，且质量表征对表征动量的影响不再显著。本研究结果表明，高水平的质量表征对表征动量的影响会通过知觉水平的眼动过度追踪起作用：然而，表征动量还受其它因素影响，眼动信息并非决定表征动量的唯一因素。
인문대운동목표최종위치적기억상상회향운동방향발생편이，저충편이피칭위“표정동량”。현유연구대표정동량적해석섭급종저수평적지각가공도고수평적인지가공등다개방면。본연구채용불동재질화곤동성음적구체작위자격재료，고찰고수평적질량표정대표정동량적영향이급지각수평적안동신식재기중적작용。실험1탐토료대목표질량적주관표정대안동추종화표정동량적영향。결과현시，질량표정회동시영향안동추종화표정동량。실험2통과불동적제시선색공제안동추종，진일보탐토안동과도추종대표정동량적영향。아문발현，비자연추종적조건하，표정동량회감소，차질량표정대표정동량적영향불재현저。본연구결과표명，고수평적질량표정대표정동량적영향회통과지각수평적안동과도추종기작용：연이，표정동량환수기타인소영향，안동신식병비결정표정동량적유일인소。
Analogous to the physical momentum of objects in the real-world, visual memory for the final position of a moving target is usually displaced along its trajectory. Such displacement is referred to representational momentum. Several different approaches have been applied to interpret the representational momentum, which range from low-level perceptual processing to high-level cognitive mechanisms （Hubbard, 2010）. An early approach tried to explain the displacement effect by cognitive factors dealing with principles of ＂internalized dynamics＂. In addition to this cognitive approach, ＂low-level＂ explanations of representational momentum also have been proposed, suggesting that sensory factors play a decisive role. In particular, one plausible interpretation attributes the displacement effect to oculomotor action. In addition, it is possible that high-level information regarding physical principles contribute to the displacement by modulating eye movements （Hubbard, 2006b）. We hypothesize that if eye movements modulate or mediate the effects of such information on displacement, disrupting normal eye movement would interrupt the effective information. In the current study, three types of 3D balls （made of paper, wood or stone） rolled from left or right sides accompanied by sound corresponding to the ball material. In Experiment 1, subjects （22 college students） were instructed to indicate the stop position of the ball by pressing a button after tracking its movement for 1037ms and disappeared about 350ms. In Experiment 2, subjects （19 college students） were asked either to pursue the moving target until it disappeared or to track it till it stopped at the center of screen indicating by a ~＇＋＂. The other procedures are similar to the Experiment 1. The subjects＇ eye positions in both experiments were recorded by SMI Hi-Speed eye tracking system with sampling rate of 350Hz. In Experiment 1, the forward shift in the direction of motion of the stone ball was larger than those of the wooden and paper balls＇. There was a significant difference between the forward shift of the stone ball and wooden or paper ball. In addition, the oculomotor overshoot velocity of the stone ball was significantly faster than other two lighter balls＇. In Experiment 2, when the oculomotor behavior was controlled, the forward shift in the trajectory and the oculomotor overshoot velocity were reduced compared to those in the eye tracking condition. The present findings revealed that high-level cognitive factors （mass representation） modulate both oculomotor behavior and representational momentum. Meanwhile, representational momentum is also influenced by oculomotor overshoot. Our results suggest that high-level cognitive factors （mass representation） influence representational momentum by oculomotor-related information. Yet, representational momentum is also affected by many other factors. Our study provides new evidence that perceptual factor （oculomotor information） is not the only way to produce representational momentum.