CAJ | 학술논문

以391名初一（青少年早期）和高一（青少年中期）学生为被试，探讨了父母支持、友谊支持对孤独感和抑郁的影响模式。结果表明：（1）友谊支持是预测孤独感的更好指标，父母支持是预测抑郁的更好指标；（2）父母支持和友谊支持仅对早期青少年孤独感和抑郁的影响存在显著交互作用，但作用模式不同：父母支持可增强高友谊支持对降低青少年孤独感的作用（增强模式）而友谊支持可补偿低父母支持对降低青少年孤独感的作用（补偿模式）；两种支持系统可相互增强对方对降低青少年抑郁水平的效应（相互增强模式）。（3）与青少年早期不同，青少年中期父母支持和友谊支持两个系统以“独立模式”而非“交互模式”影响青少年的情绪适应。结果提示，家庭和同伴系统对青少年情绪适应的影响可能遵循多种模式，但分别适用于不同适应问题和发展阶段。
이391명초일（청소년조기）화고일（청소년중기）학생위피시，탐토료부모지지、우의지지대고독감화억욱적영향모식。결과표명：（1）우의지지시예측고독감적경호지표，부모지지시예측억욱적경호지표；（2）부모지지화우의지지부대조기청소년고독감화억욱적영향존재현저교호작용，단작용모식불동：부모지지가증강고우의지지대강저청소년고독감적작용（증강모식）이우의지지가보상저부모지지대강저청소년고독감적작용（보상모식）；량충지지계통가상호증강대방대강저청소년억욱수평적효응（상호증강모식）。（3）여청소년조기불동，청소년중기부모지지화우의지지량개계통이“독립모식”이비“교호모식”영향청소년적정서괄응。결과제시，가정화동반계통대청소년정서괄응적영향가능준순다충모식，단분별괄용우불동괄응문제화발전계단。
Teenagers＇ relationships with parents and friends undergo many changes during their adolescence. Friendship becomes increasingly important. However, researchers have found that support and warmth from parents still play an important role in fostering healthy socioemotional development for adolescents. Although lots of studies have explored the main effect of parental and friendship support on adolescent adjustments, few have examined the interaction between the two. It should be noted that at least three relationship patterns have been discovered according to existing research： an enhancement pattern, a compensation pattern and an independence pattern. But no consistent conclusion about these interaction patterns has been achieved, which is probably due to different emotional problems, ages and genders in different studies. So this study adopted the Chinese modified versions of the Network of Relationships Inventory, Friendship Quality Questionnaire, Loneliness Scale, and Children＇s Depression Inventory, and specially focused on the interaction patterns between parental support and friendship support on adolescent loneliness and depression and their applicability to different stages and genders with a sample of 391 Chinese adolescents （211 boys and 180 girls） from grade 7 （early adolescence） and 10 （middle adolescence）. The main findings were as follows. （1） On one hand, middle adolescents perceived significantly lower parental support and friendship quality than early adolescents did, but no significant difference was found in loneliness and depression. On the other hand, girls perceived obviously higher friendship support than boys did, and no other significant difference was observed between genders. （2） Friendship support was the better predictor for adolescent loneliness, whereas parental support was the better predictor for adolescent depression. （3） During early adolescence, parental support and friendship support had significant interactions in loneliness and depression while the specific interacting patterns were different. High level of parental support enhanced the positive effect of high friendship support on reducing loneliness （an enhancement pattern）, whereas high friendship support compensated the negative effect of low level of parental support （a compensation pattern）; High parental support and high friendship support enhanced each other in the positive effect on reducing depression （an enhancement- each-other pattern）. （4） Contrasted to early adolescents, there was no significant interaction between parental support and friendship support on middle adolescent depression （an independence pattern）. These interacting patterns of boys were similar to those of girls. It suggests that the effects of family and peers on adolescent emotional adjustments take several types of patterns, which can be applied to different adjustment problems and development stages.