CAJ | 학술논문

学生学习成果已经成为当今美国高等教育质量评估的核心内容。学生学习成果评估提供了能够显示每一所院校办学成效的最为重要的证据。高等教育的学习成果按类型可划分为认知性学习成果和情感性学习成果。学生学习成果评估的一个主要环节是运用定性或定量测量等方法获取学习成果的信息和证据。全国性的标准化测试和问卷调查被更多地用于测评一所高校总体的学生学习成果水平和办学成效。当前，学生学习成果评估在实践中面临着一些问题。美国高等教育质量认证要求的变化促使美国高校前所未有地重视学生学习成果的评估和改善。美国学生学习成果评估运动对中国的高等教育评估有一定的启示。
학생학습성과이경성위당금미국고등교육질량평고적핵심내용。학생학습성과평고제공료능구현시매일소원교판학성효적최위중요적증거。고등교육적학습성과안류형가화분위인지성학습성과화정감성학습성과。학생학습성과평고적일개주요배절시운용정성혹정량측량등방법획취학습성과적신식화증거。전국성적표준화측시화문권조사피경다지용우측평일소고교총체적학생학습성과수평화판학성효。당전，학생학습성과평고재실천중면림착일사문제。미국고등교육질량인증요구적변화촉사미국고교전소미유지중시학생학습성과적평고화개선。미국학생학습성과평고운동대중국적고등교육평고유일정적계시。
Student learning outcomes have become the core theme of institutional effectiveness assessment in contemporary higher education in the United States. The assessment of student learning outcomes supplies some of the most important evidences demonstrating institutional effectiveness. College outcomes can be divided into two types： cognitive and affective. A key element of learning outcomes assessment is the acquisition of information and evidence of learning outcomes through qualitative or quantitative measures. National standardized tests and surveys are used to measure student learning outcomes and institutional effectiveness. Student learning outcomes assessment faces some practical challenges. Changes in the requirements of accreditation are propelling American high education institutions to place unprecedented emphasis on assessing and improving student learning outcomes. Learning outcomes assessment in the U.S. has implications for higher education assessment in China.