旅游学刊
旅遊學刊
여유학간
Tourism Tribune
2012年
8期
104~111
,共null页
农业景观 特质性 乡村旅游 桑基鱼塘
農業景觀 特質性 鄉村旅遊 桑基魚塘
농업경관 특질성 향촌여유 상기어당
agricultural landscape ; rural tourism ; feature ; Mulberry-Dike-Fish-Ponds
农业景观的特质性是农耕活动千百年演变积累下来的人地关系,表现为所在地域自然环境特征与人文地理特征叠加的土地形态.是具有生产、生活、生态“三生”功能的景观系统。在乡村旅游开发过程中,若缺乏对农业景观特质性全面、深入的认识,盲目采用城市景观建设方法来指导农业景观的建设,将导致农业景观特质性核心价值的消失与乡土特色的丧失。农业景观资源的科学旅游开发利用已经成为亟待研究的重要问题。文章首先分析乡村旅游开发中的农业景观特质性保护和开发利用面临的主要问题,然后依据农业景观特质性的“三生”功能,提出整体性、资源可持续发展、地域分异与协调共生原则以及农业景观特质性的系统保护模式,并以广东南海西樵旅游开发中西樵山七星村的传统特色农业景观“桑基鱼塘”有机再生为例,分析如何在旅游开发中实现农业景观特质性的有效保护和可持续利用。
農業景觀的特質性是農耕活動韆百年縯變積纍下來的人地關繫,錶現為所在地域自然環境特徵與人文地理特徵疊加的土地形態.是具有生產、生活、生態“三生”功能的景觀繫統。在鄉村旅遊開髮過程中,若缺乏對農業景觀特質性全麵、深入的認識,盲目採用城市景觀建設方法來指導農業景觀的建設,將導緻農業景觀特質性覈心價值的消失與鄉土特色的喪失。農業景觀資源的科學旅遊開髮利用已經成為亟待研究的重要問題。文章首先分析鄉村旅遊開髮中的農業景觀特質性保護和開髮利用麵臨的主要問題,然後依據農業景觀特質性的“三生”功能,提齣整體性、資源可持續髮展、地域分異與協調共生原則以及農業景觀特質性的繫統保護模式,併以廣東南海西樵旅遊開髮中西樵山七星村的傳統特色農業景觀“桑基魚塘”有機再生為例,分析如何在旅遊開髮中實現農業景觀特質性的有效保護和可持續利用。
농업경관적특질성시농경활동천백년연변적루하래적인지관계,표현위소재지역자연배경특정여인문지리특정첩가적토지형태.시구유생산、생활、생태“삼생”공능적경관계통。재향촌여유개발과정중,약결핍대농업경관특질성전면、심입적인식,맹목채용성시경관건설방법래지도농업경관적건설,장도치농업경관특질성핵심개치적소실여향토특색적상실。농업경관자원적과학여유개발이용이경성위극대연구적중요문제。문장수선분석향촌여유개발중적농업경관특질성보호화개발이용면림적주요문제,연후의거농업경관특질성적“삼생”공능,제출정체성、자원가지속발전、지역분이여협조공생원칙이급농업경관특질성적계통보호모식,병이엄동남해서초여유개발중서초산칠성촌적전통특색농업경관“상기어당”유궤재생위례,분석여하재여유개발중실현농업경관특질성적유효보호화가지속이용。
Agricultural landscape refers to various forms of agricultural land formed due to historical or cultural factors, with the rural settlement and its surrounding natural environment as the background and agricultural activities (farming, animal husbandry, etc. ) as its base. The typical agricultural landscape includes "Mulberry- Dike-Fish-Ponds", "terrace farming", "fish-raising in rice fields", etc.. Agricultural landscape has its own features, which represent the unique artificial ecosystem established over thousands of years of farming activities. They are also land forms based on the geography, climate, soil, hydrology and other environmental factors in rural areas, in combination with unique features of local history, society, economy, and culture. In the process of developing rural tourism, a lack of comprehensive and deep understanding of agricultural landscape features embedded with farming history and culture, or blind adoption of methods in urban landscape construction will lead to the loss of the core value of agricultural landscape and rural characteristics. In order to maintain the features of agricultural landscape resources in rural areas in developing rural tourism, scientific explorations in agricultural landscape resources have become essential to research. According to this essay, in order to protect agricultural landscape features, a deep understanding of the systematic functions of agricultural production, people' s life and the ecology is first and foremost; this could then be followed by the principles of integrity, sustainable development of resources, regional differentiation and coordinated coexistence. Under the guidance of these principles, it is imperative to monitor and evaluate the forms of agricultural landscape and ecological system by in-depth field investigation and with computer-aided GIS, RS and other modern technologies. The planning schemes of development of rural tourism landscape are proposed on the basis of these investigations and need to gain multidisciplinary scientific evidences. The subsequent construction and management should proceed in accordance with the protection of agricultural natural landscape and maintenance of local culture. In the process of tourism development, real-time control and management in the quantity and quality of the regional agriculture landscape and utilization of the ecological environment should be implemented, so should the structure of ecological system in agricultural landscape maintained in order to realize effective protection and sustainable use of agricultural landscape. With tourism development and organic regeneration in the traditional agriculture landscape of "Mulberry-Dike-Fish-Ponds" located in Seven-stars village, Xiqiao town, Nanhai city, Guangdong province as a case for study, this paper discusses how to realize effective protection and sustainable utilization of agricultural landscape features in tourism development. The " organic regeneration" of " Mulberry-Dike-Fish-Ponds" of agricultural landscape is to respect its inner structure and mechanism of ecological system, to make further improvement according to the conditions of the new era and need of meeting new function requirements, to carry out ascension transformation, to restore its biological cycles of the ecological system mechanism structure and the Field- edge fish ponds modification for tree planting, and at the same time to recover its biological cycles and structure relationship between Field-edge and fish ponds with consideration of leisure travel and promoting wetland landscapes. Therefore, the deserted Mulberry-Dike-Fish-ponds system will not be simply constructed to be lakes, ponds or paved plaza for tourism development. By exploring, protecting and maintaining the features of agricultural landscape, the Seven-star Village has turned " Mulberry-Dike-Fish-Ponds " into a tourism region with its characteristics in agricultural production, people' s life and the ecology, as well as an agriculture base known for its pollution-free fruits, vegetables and fish.