学术探索
學術探索
학술탐색
Academic Research
2012年
9期
80~85
,共null页
明朝中叶 畲民 王阳明 南赣之乱 去“蛮”化“新”
明朝中葉 畬民 王暘明 南贛之亂 去“蠻”化“新”
명조중협 여민 왕양명 남공지란 거“만”화“신”
the middle period of Ming Dynasty; She people ; Wang Yangming; The Chaos of Southern Jiangxi ; dislodgment ofbarbarism and adoption of enlightenment
畲族乃南迁武陵蛮与闽粤赣交界处的土著及部分逃入溪峒的汉人经过长期融合，于南宋末年形成的单一民族。历史上，闽粤赣边区是畲族先民早期的聚居区，元时畲民开始陆续北迁，闽浙赣三省交界地渐成为畲族先民新的聚居地。究其主要居地变化，畲人抗元失败，闽西畲民大批北迁是一原因，而南赣畲族先民“销声匿迹”则与明中叶王阳明的军事剿抚、保甲监督和乡约教化密切相关。正是上述“举措”，南赣畲民得以去蛮化，由早期的“梗化”、“顽民”渐渐向化一新，族性潜隐，直至民族识别。然而，以往对明中叶南赣之乱的研究学人多从客家视角进行解读，缺乏一个从拳（畲）民主位视角的观瞻。
畬族迺南遷武陵蠻與閩粵贛交界處的土著及部分逃入溪峒的漢人經過長期融閤，于南宋末年形成的單一民族。歷史上，閩粵贛邊區是畬族先民早期的聚居區，元時畬民開始陸續北遷，閩浙贛三省交界地漸成為畬族先民新的聚居地。究其主要居地變化，畬人抗元失敗，閩西畬民大批北遷是一原因，而南贛畬族先民“銷聲匿跡”則與明中葉王暘明的軍事勦撫、保甲鑑督和鄉約教化密切相關。正是上述“舉措”，南贛畬民得以去蠻化，由早期的“梗化”、“頑民”漸漸嚮化一新，族性潛隱，直至民族識彆。然而，以往對明中葉南贛之亂的研究學人多從客傢視角進行解讀，缺乏一箇從拳（畬）民主位視角的觀瞻。
여족내남천무릉만여민월공교계처적토저급부분도입계동적한인경과장기융합，우남송말년형성적단일민족。역사상，민월공변구시여족선민조기적취거구，원시여민개시륙속북천，민절공삼성교계지점성위여족선민신적취거지。구기주요거지변화，여인항원실패，민서여민대비북천시일원인，이남공여족선민“소성닉적”칙여명중협왕양명적군사초무、보갑감독화향약교화밀절상관。정시상술“거조”，남공여민득이거만화，유조기적“경화”、“완민”점점향화일신，족성잠은，직지민족식별。연이，이왕대명중협남공지란적연구학인다종객가시각진행해독，결핍일개종권（여）민주위시각적관첨。
She people is a single ethnic group which formed at the end of Southern Song Dynasty. They were integrated during the long period of communication with the aboriginal inhabitants who moved to Wulingman and the junction area of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces and the Han people who fled to Ch＇i Tung. In history, the border of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces are the ghettos of early She people＇s ancestors. She ethnic group began to migrate northward gradually in Yuan Dynasty, and the junction of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces gradually became new settlements of early She people＇s an- cestors. The reasons for the change of the main settlements are serious. One is because the failure of She people＇s anti - Yuan Dynasty which impelled large number of She people who lived in western Fujian to migrate northward. The disappearing of She people＇s early ancestors, living in southern Jiangxi, had close relation with Wang Yangming＇s policies, such as military destruction, Bao -Jia supervision system, and town arrangement and enlightenment. Just because of the initiatives above -mentioned, She people of Southern Jiangxi province were able to dislodge their barbarism. They changed their headstrong nature and gradual- ly became indiscernible until the time of ethnic identification when they were identified. However, the previous scholars focused on ＂The Chaos of Southern Jiangxi＂ in the middle period of Ming Dynasty mostly from the Hakka perspective. So, it lacked the studies from the perspective of the She people themselves.
