CAJ | 학술논문

本文以贵州省黔东南州雷山县朗德苗寨社区主导旅游开发模式为案例，探讨其社区主导式旅游开发参与机制与苗族“议榔”文化传统的适应性，寻找中国旅游开发中社区参与模式与社会文化系统因素的深层逻辑关系，揭示其现象背后的规律及相关性。
본문이귀주성검동남주뇌산현랑덕묘채사구주도여유개발모식위안례，탐토기사구주도식여유개발삼여궤제여묘족“의랑”문화전통적괄응성，심조중국여유개발중사구삼여모식여사회문화계통인소적심층라집관계，게시기현상배후적규률급상관성。
China＇s practice in rural tourism community participation faces a lot of difficulty and the communi- ties are always out of control to some extent. Community participation as an institutional arrangement always pene- trates in different time, space and stages of development in different countries, regions and communities with the corresponding political and cultural background. In process of mutual interact, the western community involvement theories can not be directly applied to technical analysis without considering cultural conflict. Only in-depth analy- sis of the cultural background, the participation pattern can be selected to adapt the operation of political, economic and cultural systems in communities. However, previous studies rarely focus on adaptive localization and cultural adaptation in community participation. On the basis of existing literatures, the research will be an exploratory at- tempt to deep into the community and cultural background levels. In this paper, after comprehensive consideration of two factors such as level of community-based community in- volvement and the cultural heterogeneity, the author takes Langde Miao village as a case to research the adaptation of the community participation mechanism and Miao cultural tradition called ＂Yilang＂. Langde Miao village locates in Leishan County of Guizhou Southeast State and developed the typical community-led tourism development model. The aim of this article is looking for the relationship between Chinese community participation in tourism develop- ment and the social and cultural system to reveal the laws and relevance behind the phenomenon. Cultural adaptability analysis is an important aspect in the system localization process. In this study, the theo- ries and important conclusions of community involvement in tourism industry at home and abroad are related to cul- tural factors organically, four critical indicators including decision-making mechanism, management mechanism and supervision system and interests allocation mechanism are extracted and used to analysis the relationship between community-led participation pattern and community＇s cultural tradition in Langde Miao Village, as well as the rela- tionship between ＂individual behavior ＂ ,＂ collective actions＂ and ＂system specification＂. In the meanwhile, the feasibility and potential problems that exist in the system are also explored to find the optimal path of the community participation. It＇s shown that community-led approach is the self-rational choice of the local people in the traditional cultural context, with a great adaptability to the local traditional culture, and effective in promoting the comprehensive de- velopment of the community. But, with the tourism development, traditional culture and the system itself shock with each other in the interaction, showing some obstacles and challenges, which needs to be adjusted and regula ted through the external input of energy and information. So in order to promote tourism and community sustainable development ultimately, the support from government, NGOs, companies and tourists is indispensable. This study suggests a new vision of community participation studies. In the meanwhile, tourism development has brought frequent interaction of community inside and outside such as the government, businesses, NGOs, visi- tors and other stakeholder, and the information and energy creasingly complex and diverse environment. Therefore the exchange intensifies, the traditional community faces in- community＇s traditional culture will not be stationary dur- tourism development. The author also holds that the cultural adaptation evaluation of community.