福建师范大学学报：哲学社会科学版
福建師範大學學報：哲學社會科學版
복건사범대학학보：철학사회과학판
Journal of Fujian Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edtion)
2012年
5期
102~111
,共null页
春秋战国 国家形态 政治中心 控御形式
春鞦戰國 國傢形態 政治中心 控禦形式
춘추전국 국가형태 정치중심 공어형식
the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States, state form, political center, control measure
中国古代国家权力结构的演进，基本上是越来越集权于最高端，而西周到春秋战国时期的发展方向则与此相背；西周已经发展出比较完整的（早期）国家结构和功能，春秋王室与列国之间在权力结构、功能形态上反有诸多纠结缠绕，仿佛历史一度呈显某种倒退的特征。这基源于早期国家阶段政治控御手段的内在缺陷。春秋战国时期国家权力的重组、下移，实为抟聚更成熟的巨型国家的新起点。这一时期政治中心控御形态的变化，国家结构中地缘（地域）因素的成长，都表现出在高频度战争环境中，国家地理空间（主要由于交通建设）、政治空间（主要由于官僚行政）、社会空间（主要由于宗姓氏族解体）的致密化倾向，只是这个“国家化”过程终春秋战国之世仍然处于一种“未完成体”的过渡状态。
中國古代國傢權力結構的縯進，基本上是越來越集權于最高耑，而西週到春鞦戰國時期的髮展方嚮則與此相揹；西週已經髮展齣比較完整的（早期）國傢結構和功能，春鞦王室與列國之間在權力結構、功能形態上反有諸多糾結纏繞，倣彿歷史一度呈顯某種倒退的特徵。這基源于早期國傢階段政治控禦手段的內在缺陷。春鞦戰國時期國傢權力的重組、下移，實為摶聚更成熟的巨型國傢的新起點。這一時期政治中心控禦形態的變化，國傢結構中地緣（地域）因素的成長，都錶現齣在高頻度戰爭環境中，國傢地理空間（主要由于交通建設）、政治空間（主要由于官僚行政）、社會空間（主要由于宗姓氏族解體）的緻密化傾嚮，隻是這箇“國傢化”過程終春鞦戰國之世仍然處于一種“未完成體”的過渡狀態。
중국고대국가권력결구적연진，기본상시월래월집권우최고단，이서주도춘추전국시기적발전방향칙여차상배；서주이경발전출비교완정적（조기）국가결구화공능，춘추왕실여렬국지간재권력결구、공능형태상반유제다규결전요，방불역사일도정현모충도퇴적특정。저기원우조기국가계단정치공어수단적내재결함。춘추전국시기국가권력적중조、하이，실위단취경성숙적거형국가적신기점。저일시기정치중심공어형태적변화，국가결구중지연（지역）인소적성장，도표현출재고빈도전쟁배경중，국가지리공간（주요유우교통건설）、정치공간（주요유우관료행정）、사회공간（주요유우종성씨족해체）적치밀화경향，지시저개“국가화”과정종춘추전국지세잉연처우일충“미완성체”적과도상태。
The evolution of the national power structure in ancient China was that the power was get- ting more and more centered at the top of the empire, but the evolution trend from the Western Zhou Dy- nasty to the Spring and Autumn as well as the Warring States periods was different from what was said be- fore. The state form and function of the Western Zhou Dynasty had evolved primarily, but the royal fami- lies of the Spring and Autumn period had quite some complicated relationships with the power structure and functional forms among their states as if the history had seen some shift- down of power. This was due to the internal shortcomings of the political control measures at the earlier stages of states. The restructure and the shift- down of the national power at the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods were in fact the new beginning of more matured accumulation of an enormous nation. The changes of the political control forms at this period and the growth of the regional factors in the state structure, in the frequent warring environment, evolved towards the density of the national geographical space （because of traffic construction）, political space （because of the bureaucratic administration） and the social space （ because of the disintegration of the clans）, but the nationalization of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States still remained in an ＂incomplete＂ transitional period.
