CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于层面理论和本土化视角对员工反生产行为的结构进行了理论和实证探讨。综合国内外相关研究和开放式问卷调查结果 ,编制了92个项目的反生产行为问卷。用层面理论方法构建了员工反生产行为的结构和映射语句,采用两套数据（自评和他评）对反生产行为的结构进行了实证检验。最小空间分析结果显示,员工反生产行为可以分解为行为指向和危害度两个层面。其中,行为指向层面可分离出指向工作任务、指向人际、指向组织的一般性违规和财物信息越轨四类;危害性程度可分离为轻度危害、中度危害和高危害三类。企业与行政事业单位两类组织中均存在两个层面四种指向的反生产行为,同时也存在各自不同特点。
본문기우층면이론화본토화시각대원공반생산행위적결구진행료이론화실증탐토。종합국내외상관연구화개방식문권조사결과 ,편제료92개항목적반생산행위문권。용층면이론방법구건료원공반생산행위적결구화영사어구,채용량투수거（자평화타평）대반생산행위적결구진행료실증검험。최소공간분석결과현시,원공반생산행위가이분해위행위지향화위해도량개층면。기중,행위지향층면가분리출지향공작임무、지향인제、지향조직적일반성위규화재물신식월궤사류;위해성정도가분리위경도위해、중도위해화고위해삼류。기업여행정사업단위량류조직중균존재량개층면사충지향적반생산행위,동시야존재각자불동특점。
Although counterproductive work behavior （CWB） has been studied for dozens of years, its structure remains a hanging issue. Two types of methods are frequently used in previous studies （i.e. factor analysis and multidimensional scaling） on the structure analysis; however, the conclusions can not reach agreement partly due to the method differences. Some scholars （i.e. Spector et al.） criticize factor analysis method for its weakness in exploring the structure with causal relationship between indicators and factor. With respect to multidimensional scaling, the limitation is also pointed out by previous studies that the more objects to be paired, the harder the full comparison of all paired objects to be finished for subjects. What＇s more, as can be seen from previous studies, CWB is not only featured by its targets but also characterized for its severity. Such double traits make it difficult to probe the structure of CWB with traditional method because none of them can simul- taneously seize the double traits of CWB. However, facet theory provides an useful method for exploring the structure of objects with multiple traits by decomposing them into different structure based on specific technique （i.e. mapping sentence） and statistical method （i.e. smallest space analysis, SSA）, such advantages make it possible to capture the structure of complicated objects. Despite its methodological superiority, facet theory has never been applied in exploring the structure of CWB so far. This study makes a first ex- ploration on the structure of CWB among Chinese employees with facet approach in native perspective. A questionnaire with 92 CWB items is developed based on the results of content analyses of the questionnaires used in published documents as well as reports from Chinese employees. The cross-organizational structure of CWB is theoretically established and constructed by mapping sentence. Two sets of data collected respectively by self-report method and other- report method are independently used in confirmatory SSA. The results of SSA with self-reported data reveal that the spatial config- uration of 92 CWBs is a radex structure which is formed by cutting polar region （behavior orientation） across modular region（behavior severity）. The polar region includes four elements named as inter- personal deviance, task-oriented deviance, properties-and-informa- tion-oriented deviance as well as general organizational deviance, the modular region consist of three elements that represent the degree to which the severity of CWB is manifested. Thus, a double- facet structure of CWB is finally confirmed. The results of SSA on the data respectively collected from enterprises employees sample and merged samples of government employees and public service unit employees also support the double-facet structure, neverthe- less, some types of CWBs locate in the same polar region vary their position in modular region across organizations. Implications for future research are discussed.