财贸经济
財貿經濟
재무경제
Finance & Trade Economics
2012年
11期
37~47
,共null页
社会保障均匀度 社会保障基尼系数 养老医疗保障 医疗保障
社會保障均勻度 社會保障基尼繫數 養老醫療保障 醫療保障
사회보장균균도 사회보장기니계수 양로의료보장 의료보장
Social Security Evenness Degree, Social Security Gini Coefficient, Old Age Security, Medical Security
我国当前城乡之间社会保障制度安排差异明显，社会保障福利差异有不断扩大之势。本文提出了社会保障均匀度的概念，并介绍了通过社会保障基尼系数与修正的社会保障基尼系数对社会保障均匀度水平进行衡量测算的具体方法。在此基础上，对我国现今城乡之间社会养老保障均匀度水平与城乡医疗保障均匀度水平进行了一次定量测度分析，研究结果发现：我国城乡养老保障基尼系数为0．34，呈现中度不均匀；城乡医疗保障基尼系数0．49，呈现重度不均匀；而城乡社会保障基尼系数（O．41）处于中度不均匀状态；修正后的城乡养老保障基尼系数（0．61）和城乡医疗保障基尼系数（0．79）均处于危机的状态。这表明我国目前社会保障制度安排未能有效调节城乡之间收入分配的差距格局，而是呈现严重危机之势，采取有效措施以缩小城乡之间社会保障差距，提高城乡社会保障均匀度水平，是当前社会的紧要任务。
我國噹前城鄉之間社會保障製度安排差異明顯，社會保障福利差異有不斷擴大之勢。本文提齣瞭社會保障均勻度的概唸，併介紹瞭通過社會保障基尼繫數與脩正的社會保障基尼繫數對社會保障均勻度水平進行衡量測算的具體方法。在此基礎上，對我國現今城鄉之間社會養老保障均勻度水平與城鄉醫療保障均勻度水平進行瞭一次定量測度分析，研究結果髮現：我國城鄉養老保障基尼繫數為0．34，呈現中度不均勻；城鄉醫療保障基尼繫數0．49，呈現重度不均勻；而城鄉社會保障基尼繫數（O．41）處于中度不均勻狀態；脩正後的城鄉養老保障基尼繫數（0．61）和城鄉醫療保障基尼繫數（0．79）均處于危機的狀態。這錶明我國目前社會保障製度安排未能有效調節城鄉之間收入分配的差距格跼，而是呈現嚴重危機之勢，採取有效措施以縮小城鄉之間社會保障差距，提高城鄉社會保障均勻度水平，是噹前社會的緊要任務。
아국당전성향지간사회보장제도안배차이명현，사회보장복리차이유불단확대지세。본문제출료사회보장균균도적개념，병개소료통과사회보장기니계수여수정적사회보장기니계수대사회보장균균도수평진행형량측산적구체방법。재차기출상，대아국현금성향지간사회양로보장균균도수평여성향의료보장균균도수평진행료일차정량측도분석，연구결과발현：아국성향양로보장기니계수위0．34，정현중도불균균；성향의료보장기니계수0．49，정현중도불균균；이성향사회보장기니계수（O．41）처우중도불균균상태；수정후적성향양로보장기니계수（0．61）화성향의료보장기니계수（0．79）균처우위궤적상태。저표명아국목전사회보장제도안배미능유효조절성향지간수입분배적차거격국，이시정현엄중위궤지세，채취유효조시이축소성향지간사회보장차거，제고성향사회보장균균도수평，시당전사회적긴요임무。
At present, the difference of social security system between urban and rural is significant, and it shows expanding trend. This paper put forward the concept of social security evenness degree, and the concrete calculation method to measure the level of social security evenness degree by social security gini coefficient and amended social security gini coefficent. On the basis of which we measure the evenness degree levels quantitatively of our country＇s urban- rural old age security and medical security, the results show that： our country＇s urban-rural old age security gini coefficient is 0. 34, means moderate unevenness. Our country＇s urban-rural medical security gini coefficient is 0. 49, means seriously uneven. Our country＇s urban-rural social security gini coefficient is 0.41, means moderate uneven on the whole. Further study show that the amended rban-ural social old age gini coefficient（0. 61）and urban--rural social medical gini coefficient（0. 79）were in crisis, which show that arrangements of our country＇s social security system presently fail to adjust the income-distribution structure between urban and rural, and show a serious situation. Taking effective measures to narrow the gap and improving the level of social security evenness degree between urban and rural are the key and urgent task we should do.
