体育科学
體育科學
체육과학
China Sport Science
2012年
11期
64~69
,共null页
表面肌电 预激活 跳深 着地 输出功率
錶麵肌電 預激活 跳深 著地 輸齣功率
표면기전 예격활 도심 착지 수출공솔
electromyography;pre-activity;drop jump;landing;power output
目的：采集不同高度跳深训练动作动力学数据，测量自不同高度平台下落着地前下肢肌肉活性，比较不同高度对下肢肌肉预激活调节的影响。方法：对未经系统跳深训练的16名健康男性受试者进行低、最佳、高三种平台高度的跳深练习，记录每次跳深动作着地前150111s内腓肠肌内侧头、股直肌、股外侧肌、胫骨前肌、股二头肌的表面肌电信号，计算积分肌电和最大振幅。记录跳深动作过程腾空时间和着地支撑时间，计算平均输出功率。结果：最佳高度条件下腾空时间最长，低平台条件下跳深输出功率最高。除腓肠肌内侧头以外，其他肌肉预激活均随着跳深平台高度增加而增加。多数肌肉预激活显著性差异出现在低-高之间，低-最佳、最佳-高之间肌肉预激活差异性不显著。结论：高于最佳高度时下肢肌肉预激活与地面反作用力不协调。跳深输出功率是较恰当的下肢超等长训练参数。实践中采用跳深法对下肢肌肉进行爆发力训练时，宜以最佳高度或低于最佳高度的形式。
目的：採集不同高度跳深訓練動作動力學數據，測量自不同高度平檯下落著地前下肢肌肉活性，比較不同高度對下肢肌肉預激活調節的影響。方法：對未經繫統跳深訓練的16名健康男性受試者進行低、最佳、高三種平檯高度的跳深練習，記錄每次跳深動作著地前150111s內腓腸肌內側頭、股直肌、股外側肌、脛骨前肌、股二頭肌的錶麵肌電信號，計算積分肌電和最大振幅。記錄跳深動作過程騰空時間和著地支撐時間，計算平均輸齣功率。結果：最佳高度條件下騰空時間最長，低平檯條件下跳深輸齣功率最高。除腓腸肌內側頭以外，其他肌肉預激活均隨著跳深平檯高度增加而增加。多數肌肉預激活顯著性差異齣現在低-高之間，低-最佳、最佳-高之間肌肉預激活差異性不顯著。結論：高于最佳高度時下肢肌肉預激活與地麵反作用力不協調。跳深輸齣功率是較恰噹的下肢超等長訓練參數。實踐中採用跳深法對下肢肌肉進行爆髮力訓練時，宜以最佳高度或低于最佳高度的形式。
목적：채집불동고도도심훈련동작동역학수거，측량자불동고도평태하락착지전하지기육활성，비교불동고도대하지기육예격활조절적영향。방법：대미경계통도심훈련적16명건강남성수시자진행저、최가、고삼충평태고도적도심연습，기록매차도심동작착지전150111s내비장기내측두、고직기、고외측기、경골전기、고이두기적표면기전신호，계산적분기전화최대진폭。기록도심동작과정등공시간화착지지탱시간，계산평균수출공솔。결과：최가고도조건하등공시간최장，저평태조건하도심수출공솔최고。제비장기내측두이외，기타기육예격활균수착도심평태고도증가이증가。다수기육예격활현저성차이출현재저-고지간，저-최가、최가-고지간기육예격활차이성불현저。결론：고우최가고도시하지기육예격활여지면반작용력불협조。도심수출공솔시교흡당적하지초등장훈련삼수。실천중채용도심법대하지기육진행폭발력훈련시，의이최가고도혹저우최가고도적형식。
Objective：The purpose of this study was to test kinematics and kinetics variables and measure surface electromyography （SEMG） of lower extremity muscles,and determine modulation of pre-activity related to drop jump（DJ） with different heights.Methods：Sixteen healthy young males without experience in deep jumps training,who participated in the study,from three different heights （low,optimal,high）.SEMG device was used to estimate muscle activity （integral EMG signal-iEMG and maximal amplitude of EMG-AmaxEMG） of five muscles （tibialis anterior-TA,gastrocnemius medialis-GM,rectus femoris-RF,vestus lateralis-VL,biceps femoris-BF） within 150ms before touchdown.Contact time and flight time of DJ were measured to be used in output power calculation.Result：There is long flight time in drop jump of optimal drop height and high output power in drop jump of low drop height.All muscles,except GM,showed systematic increase in pre-activity when platform height was raised.For most of the lower extremity muscles,the most significant differences were between values of pre-activity obtained for low and high platforms.The amount of muscle pre-activity in DJ from the heights above and beneath the optimal one did not differ significantly from that generated in DJ from the optimal drop height.Conclusion：DJ from the heights above the optimal one are not adequate for adjusting muscle activity for the impact of ground reaction force.We recommend the DJ power output as the main criteria to train lower extremity for plyometric training purposes.DJ from the optimal drop height or beneath the optimal one should be used as plyometric training method in practice to elevate muscle strengthower extremity.
