CAJ | 학술논문

在我国，由于诉讼构造和国家赔偿制度的影响，辩护律师的民事责任一直处于休眠状态。随着诉讼构造改革的推进、律师职业的商业化以及民众权利意识的提升，辩护律师的民事责任问题必将浮出水面。从世界范围看，尽管各主要国家和地区的立法和判例对辩护律师是否适用民事豁免存在两种截然不同的态度，但是，从发展的角度来看，对不称职的辩护律师（包括指定辩护律师）课以民事责任则是大势所趋。在责任构成方面，辩护律师与民事代理律师应适用同样的构成要件。在赔偿范围方面，辩护律师不仅应对其失职行为造成的经济损失进行补偿性赔偿，还应对其行为造成的精神损害进行赔偿。如果辩护律师的失职行为是故意或恶意实施的，被告人还可以要求惩罚性赔偿。
재아국，유우소송구조화국가배상제도적영향，변호률사적민사책임일직처우휴면상태。수착소송구조개혁적추진、률사직업적상업화이급민음권리의식적제승，변호률사적민사책임문제필장부출수면。종세계범위간，진관각주요국가화지구적입법화판례대변호률사시부괄용민사활면존재량충절연불동적태도，단시，종발전적각도래간，대불칭직적변호률사（포괄지정변호률사）과이민사책임칙시대세소추。재책임구성방면，변호률사여민사대리률사응괄용동양적구성요건。재배상범위방면，변호률사불부응대기실직행위조성적경제손실진행보상성배상，환응대기행위조성적정신손해진행배상。여과변호률사적실직행위시고의혹악의실시적，피고인환가이요구징벌성배상。
In China, due to the impact of litigation structure and the state compensation system, the defence lawyer＇s civil liability has ever been in a dormant state. With the develop- ment of litigation structure, the commercialization of lawyer career, and the rise of consciousness of the right of the public, the defence lawyer＇ s civil liability would come out. From the scope of the world, the legislature and precedent＇ s attitude of different countries and regions towards de- fence lawyer＇ s civil liability are different, but it is a general trend that defence lawyer＇ s malprac- tice （including appointed defence lawyer） should be subjected to civil liability. Moreover, the construction of the liability of the defence lawyer and civil lawyer should apply the same constitu- tive elements. Defence lawyer should not only compensate the economic loss, but also pay for the mental damage. If the defence lawyer＇ s malpractice is intentional or malicious, the defendant could claim for the punitive compensation.