成都体育学院学报
成都體育學院學報
성도체육학원학보
Journal of Chengdu Physical Education Institute
2012年
11期
55~59
,共null页
青年男排 起跳动作 下肢 运动学 表面肌电
青年男排 起跳動作 下肢 運動學 錶麵肌電
청년남배 기도동작 하지 운동학 표면기전
young male volleyball players ; takeoff movement; lower extremities ; kinematics; surface electromyography（SEMG）
目的：探讨优秀青年男子排球运动员扣球起跳动作的技术关键。方法：使用两台高速摄像机和表面肌电仪对7名优秀青年男子排球运动员扣球起跳动作进行运动学和表面肌电的同步分析。结果：在缓冲阶段，摆臂角度为92．3±3．9°；蹬伸起跳后重心垂直速度为3．6±0．2m·s^-1，水平速度为2．1±0．2m·s^-1；缓冲时间为130．2±4．8ms，蹬伸时间为160．1±5．9ms；重心最低时右髋关节角、膝关节角、踝关节角、摆臂角、缓冲时间、垂直速度与起跳高度具有相关性；在缓冲阶段的用力顺序为：腓肠肌、股直肌，最后是其他肌肉的共同作用；蹬伸阶段首先是臀大肌肌电达到峰值；缓冲阶段臀大肌的％IEMG最高为27．7％，蹬伸阶段腓肠肌内外侧头的％IEMC最高分别为19．2％和24％。结论：从外部动作结构和内部肌肉放电情况来看，排球扣球的起跳蹬伸过程是下肢以大关节依次带动小关节运动完成的；缓冲期首先通过踝关节缓冲制动；应该根据研究需要来确定划分动作阶段。
目的：探討優秀青年男子排毬運動員釦毬起跳動作的技術關鍵。方法：使用兩檯高速攝像機和錶麵肌電儀對7名優秀青年男子排毬運動員釦毬起跳動作進行運動學和錶麵肌電的同步分析。結果：在緩遲階段，襬臂角度為92．3±3．9°；蹬伸起跳後重心垂直速度為3．6±0．2m·s^-1，水平速度為2．1±0．2m·s^-1；緩遲時間為130．2±4．8ms，蹬伸時間為160．1±5．9ms；重心最低時右髖關節角、膝關節角、踝關節角、襬臂角、緩遲時間、垂直速度與起跳高度具有相關性；在緩遲階段的用力順序為：腓腸肌、股直肌，最後是其他肌肉的共同作用；蹬伸階段首先是臀大肌肌電達到峰值；緩遲階段臀大肌的％IEMG最高為27．7％，蹬伸階段腓腸肌內外側頭的％IEMC最高分彆為19．2％和24％。結論：從外部動作結構和內部肌肉放電情況來看，排毬釦毬的起跳蹬伸過程是下肢以大關節依次帶動小關節運動完成的；緩遲期首先通過踝關節緩遲製動；應該根據研究需要來確定劃分動作階段。
목적：탐토우수청년남자배구운동원구구기도동작적기술관건。방법：사용량태고속섭상궤화표면기전의대7명우수청년남자배구운동원구구기도동작진행운동학화표면기전적동보분석。결과：재완충계단，파비각도위92．3±3．9°；등신기도후중심수직속도위3．6±0．2m·s^-1，수평속도위2．1±0．2m·s^-1；완충시간위130．2±4．8ms，등신시간위160．1±5．9ms；중심최저시우관관절각、슬관절각、과관절각、파비각、완충시간、수직속도여기도고도구유상관성；재완충계단적용력순서위：비장기、고직기，최후시기타기육적공동작용；등신계단수선시둔대기기전체도봉치；완충계단둔대기적％IEMG최고위27．7％，등신계단비장기내외측두적％IEMC최고분별위19．2％화24％。결론：종외부동작결구화내부기육방전정황래간，배구구구적기도등신과정시하지이대관절의차대동소관절운동완성적；완충기수선통과과관절완충제동；응해근거연구수요래학정화분동작계단。
Purposes： The paper is to discuss the key techniques of take - off movements of young volleyball players when spiking. Methods：Two STV -LRC and surface electromyography machines are used to synchronously analyze seven young male volleyball players＇ take - off and spiking movements for their kinematics and surface electromyography. Resuits：The arm- swing angle is （92.3 ±3.9°） during the cushioning phase, vertical takeoff velocity of body center of gravity, （3.6 ± 0.2m/s）, horizontal takeoff velocity of body center of gravity, （ 2. 1 ± 0.2 m/s）, the cushioning phase, （130 ±4.8ms） and the extension phase, （160 ±5.9ms）. There is a correlation between eoxa angle, knee angle, ankle angle, arm - swing angle, cushioning phase, vertical takeoff velocity and jumping height. The braking during cushioning phase is performed early by gastrocnemius muscle on the ankle, and then by rectus femoris on the knee and at last by other muscles together. The peak time of the gluteus maximus activities appears earlier than other muscles. The % IEMO of the g]uteus maxlmus activity is up to 27.7% during the extension phase and the high % IEMG of lateral and median sura muscle is 19.2 and 24%. Conclusions： In respect of movement buildup and muscle activities, the extension of jumping movement of power spikes was dependent on the large joints of lower limbs linking the small ones; the braking is done firsdy by the ankle in the cushion phase; the movement phases should be determined according to the research purpose.
