CAJ | 학술논문

为保护活体器官捐献者，建议立法在坚持“死体器官捐献优先”的同时，采用“合理等待时间”意义上的“必要原则”；采用“可能导致捐献者不得不依靠医疗帮助继续生存的捐献都应被禁止”意义上的“合理性原则”，并对合理性“独立评估”；因器官捐献属于非治疗性医疗介入，根据Gieson的规则，应“高标准告知”；同时，即使捐献者不愿意知悉手术相关信息，也需要“强迫告知”，并坚持“告知结果独立评估”；为了保障自愿并规避潜在利益冲突和心理操控，建议立法规定如下程序性规则：“医学检验后行原则”、设置“反悔期”及“回避原则”等，并有义务为捐献者“随时无条件的体面退出”提供理由，即使理由是虚假的；同时，对器官摘除手术采用“同行业内监督原则”。
위보호활체기관연헌자，건의입법재견지“사체기관연헌우선”적동시，채용“합리등대시간”의의상적“필요원칙”；채용“가능도치연헌자불득불의고의료방조계속생존적연헌도응피금지”의의상적“합이성원칙”，병대합이성“독립평고”；인기관연헌속우비치료성의료개입，근거Gieson적규칙，응“고표준고지”；동시，즉사연헌자불원의지실수술상관신식，야수요“강박고지”，병견지“고지결과독립평고”；위료보장자원병규피잠재이익충돌화심리조공，건의입법규정여하정서성규칙：“의학검험후행원칙”、설치“반회기”급“회피원칙”등，병유의무위연헌자“수시무조건적체면퇴출”제공이유，즉사이유시허가적；동시，대기관적제수술채용“동행업내감독원칙”。
To protect living donors, organ transplantation legislation should adhere to the ＂cadaverie organ priority rule＂ as well as the ＂necessary principle＂ which means reasonable waiting time. Organ transplantation legislation should also uphold the ＂principle of rationality＂, that is, medical interventions which result in donors having to rely on medical help should be prohibited. Independent assessment should be undertaken to ensure the rationality of any donation. According to the Gieson rule, higher standards of disclosure should apply to living donors. Moreo- ver, mandatory disclosure should apply in case donors do not want procedure-related information. Independent as- sessment is also necessary in such cases. Organ transplantation legislation should also stick to some procedural rules, including the ＂principle of postponed medical examinations＂ , ＂withdrawal period＂ and ＂avoidance princi- pal＂, providing excuse for donors to withdraw decently at any time. In addition, organ transplantation laws should prescribe that organ removal surgery should be supervised by peers.