CAJ | 학술논문

在全球化时代，教师国际流动为南非教育发展带来了机遇和挑战。20世纪90年代，教师国际流动很大程度上缓解了南非国内教师的就业压力，但也导致其优质教育的流失。21世纪初，教师国际流动使得南非教师短缺现象更为严重。南非教师国际流动有“推力与拉力”双重因素。其动因主要包括“国际教师劳动力供求失衡、经济因素以及教育政策、政治和社会安全等非经济因素”。南非本土教师国际流动的对策关键在于政府能否掌握话语权，为教师国际流动制定必要的协议以保护自身的利益。以南非为首的非洲国家需要协调好全球化与民族主义之间的关系，从而达到利用全球化优化师资、教育理念与教育制度，并用爱国主义等方式吸引智力回流。
재전구화시대，교사국제류동위남비교육발전대래료궤우화도전。20세기90년대，교사국제류동흔대정도상완해료남비국내교사적취업압력，단야도치기우질교육적류실。21세기초，교사국제류동사득남비교사단결현상경위엄중。남비교사국제류동유“추력여랍력”쌍중인소。기동인주요포괄“국제교사노동력공구실형、경제인소이급교육정책、정치화사회안전등비경제인소”。남비본토교사국제류동적대책관건재우정부능부장악화어권，위교사국제류동제정필요적협의이보호자신적이익。이남비위수적비주국가수요협조호전구화여민족주의지간적관계，종이체도이용전구화우화사자、교육이념여교육제도，병용애국주의등방식흡인지력회류。
In the era of globalization, the international migration of teachers is great opportunities and chal lenges for the development of education in South Africa. In the 1990s, international teacher migration largely alle viated the pressure of domestic employment of teachers in South Africa, hut also resulted in the loss of quality ed ucation. At the beginning of the 21st century, the international flow of teachers made teacher shortage more serious in South Africa. International teacher migration in South African includes two factors ： the influence of push and pull. The motivation mainly includes three factors： disequilibrium of international teachers＇ labor in supply and demand, salaries, as well as education policy, politics and social security and other non-economic factors. The key measure of local teacher migration in South Africa lies in the Government＇s ability to have the discourse fight in the field of international migration of teachers to make the necessary protocols in order to protect their own in- terests.