CAJ | 학술논문

文化绘图作为国外文化资源管理和旅游规划的重要工具和方法论，在我国的应用和研究明显不足。文章回顾了国内外文化绘图的研究和实践，将其应用于文化乡村旅游产品规划和管理及社区文化资源管理，并从人类学和管理学等角度分析了必要性、可能性及关键问题。通过“乡村空间模型”在乡村旅游语境下的解读及对文化绘图理论和实践的分析，文章认为，乡村文化空间是乡村生活、乡村表述及乡村地方性的三位一体，中国文化乡村旅游规划和管理中各利益相关者相互协作并进行资源整合，才能完整、真实地解读当地文化资源，并将其向旅游业转化。因此，文化绘图有利于组织整合嵌入乡村社区的文化资源，可有效解决社区参与中社区本位的缺失问题，并激发旅游业发展的社区内动力，强化合作网络，促进体制创新。
문화회도작위국외문화자원관리화여유규화적중요공구화방법론，재아국적응용화연구명현불족。문장회고료국내외문화회도적연구화실천，장기응용우문화향촌여유산품규화화관리급사구문화자원관리，병종인류학화관이학등각도분석료필요성、가능성급관건문제。통과“향촌공간모형”재향촌여유어경하적해독급대문화회도이론화실천적분석，문장인위，향촌문화공간시향촌생활、향촌표술급향촌지방성적삼위일체，중국문화향촌여유규화화관리중각이익상관자상호협작병진행자원정합，재능완정、진실지해독당지문화자원，병장기향여유업전화。인차，문화회도유리우조직정합감입향촌사구적문화자원，가유효해결사구삼여중사구본위적결실문제，병격발여유업발전적사구내동력，강화합작망락，촉진체제창신。
Cultural mapping is widely used as a communication tool in indigenous communities around the world, and it＇ s also an important tool and method to cultural resource management and tourism planning overseas. However, there is a lack of relevant research in China. Cultural rural tourism research is particularly important and urgent as an alternative choice to traditional agricultural economy, and to the remote rural communities which have their own special traditions, cultural heritages, arts, life styles and values from generation to generation.. Cultural rural tourism is especially important when facing the community participation and the corresponding stakeholders interaction, as well as the cultural resources symbolic interpretation and putting them into tourism practice. Cultural mapping is a collaborative cultural resources management tool and method based on community participation, and it provides an operating philosophy and tool guide which can be applied to promote cultural and rural tourism planning and development return to local communities. Moreover, cultural mapping also makes the management and application of local tourism cultural resources sustainable. After a comprehensive review of the research and practice of cultural mapping at home and abroad, the author reviews the concept and the role of cultural mapping, its application methods and framework, and a large number of relevant cases in cultural resources management. Then this method is applied into cultural rural tourism product planning and management, and even to cultural resources management of local communities. Also in this study, the necessity, possibility, and some issues from Anthropology and Management Science are further analyzed. In this paper, the interpretation of ＂a general model for rural space＂ in the context of rural tourism practices reveals that, since rural space culture is a trinity of rural life, rural representation and rural locality, rural tourism development and management requires the collaboration of different stakeholders and the integration of resources. Through building, organizing, integrating, updating and improving databank of cultural resources, this paper suggests local cultural resources can be translated into full and real culture symbol interpretations when taken into Tourism industry practice. Through analysis of a number of specific in - depth case studies, the author suggests that cultural mapping, as a community -involved methodology and systematic tool, helps organize and integrate the culture embedded in the community. Therefore, cultural mapping is an effective solution to the missing issues of community dominant position in Chinese culture rural tourism planning and management process. Meanwhile, the tourism development intrinsic motivation can be invoked from the inner side of rural communities, rural tourism cooperation network can be strengthened and the institutional innovation of rural cultural tourism in the development can be promoted. Furthermore, the author also suggests that, since cultural mapping is a system tool and methodology which needs unified planning and design, the rural cultural tourism communities themselves have not enough strength to maximize the role of the cultural mapping. As a result, when this tool is introduced into local communities, the following issues should be fully considered： the community current conditions, appropriately tools selection, the support from government, experts, corporate media, and the community capability enhancement.