CAJ | 학술논문

作为上海市郊区出现的两类重要的农村居民点整治模式，宅基地置换模式和村庄归并模式在改善农民集中居住的环境、增加耕地面积、促进土地集约化利用方面都取得显著效果。研究结果表明，宅基地置换模式是在政府主导下开展的，是外援驱动主要影响下的“新型城镇开发”，需要配套农民市民化后的社会保障和就业的政策。多出现予经济较发达、工业化程度较高的近郊快速城市化地区。核心是推进城市化．整治要点是将农村居民点纳入到规划的城镇建设用地范围内统筹配置，安置区的住房设计以容积率较高的多层楼房为主，同时建设相对配套的各项市政服务设施。从而解决农民非农就业与居住的空间匹配闯题。村庄归并模式是在村集体主导、政府支持下开展的，是一种内核驱动主要影响下的“村庄自我更新”，需配套财税政策来解决整治资金问题。多出现乎经济欠发达、工业化程度较低的远郊的农业地区。核心是扩大农户的土地经营规模、促进农村居住和产业发展的集中，其整治要点是村庄空间的重构，以降低农村基础设施服务成本，提高公共服务效率，改善农民生活条件。
작위상해시교구출현적량류중요적농촌거민점정치모식，택기지치환모식화촌장귀병모식재개선농민집중거주적배경、증가경지면적、촉진토지집약화이용방면도취득현저효과。연구결과표명，택기지치환모식시재정부주도하개전적，시외원구동주요영향하적“신형성진개발”，수요배투농민시민화후적사회보장화취업적정책。다출현여경제교발체、공업화정도교고적근교쾌속성시화지구。핵심시추진성시화．정치요점시장농촌거민점납입도규화적성진건설용지범위내통주배치，안치구적주방설계이용적솔교고적다층루방위주，동시건설상대배투적각항시정복무설시。종이해결농민비농취업여거주적공간필배틈제。촌장귀병모식시재촌집체주도、정부지지하개전적，시일충내핵구동주요영향하적“촌장자아경신”，수배투재세정책래해결정치자금문제。다출현호경제흠발체、공업화정도교저적원교적농업지구。핵심시확대농호적토지경영규모、촉진농촌거주화산업발전적집중，기정치요점시촌장공간적중구，이강저농촌기출설시복무성본，제고공공복무효솔，개선농민생활조건。
As two important village land readjustment patterns of Shanghai suburbs, house land displacement and village merging have achieved remarkable results in improving farmers＇ living environment, increasing cultivated land areas, promoting intensive use of land and so on. Results show that house land displacement is carried out under the auspices of the government and is kind of new town development which is mainly driven by foreign aid. Social security and employment policy is also needed when famers become citizens in this process. This pattern is prevalent in rapid urbanization regions with more developed economics and higher level of industrialization. The core of house land displacement is to advance urbanization and the point is to coordinate village land with planned urban construction land, design high floor area ratio multi - storey buildings in resettlement areas and construct municipal services facilities in order to solve the space matching problem of farmers＇ employment and living. Village merging is carried out under the auspices of village collective organizations and is supported by the government. It is kind of village self-renewal which is mainly affected by the kemel driver. Fiscal and taxation policies are quite important in this pattern. This pattern is prevalent in agricultural regions with less developed economics and lower level of industrialization. The core of village merging is to expand farmers＇ land operation scale and promote centralized development of villages and industries. The point is to reconstruct village space so as to reduce infrastructure operating costs and improve public service efficiencies as well as farmers＇ living conditions.