CAJ | 학술논문

本文首次采用具有全国代表性的制造业企业微观数据检验了职工工资差距同企业绩效的关系。与以往大多数经验研究文献不同，本文发现职工工资差距与企业绩效之间是非线性关系：企业绩效随着工资差距的拉大，呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。更进一步的实证检验表明，工资差距对企业绩效的影响是一种因果性效应。同时，还构建了理论模型将“锦标赛”和“凝聚力”理论整合在一起，以解释这种非线性关系背后的作用机制。在凝聚力对企业产出的边际作用比较大且员工边际产出递减的情况下，当工资差距比较小时，锦标赛理论的激励机制起主导作用；而当工资差距比较大时，进一步扩大工资差距对凝聚力的削弱将起主导作用。
본문수차채용구유전국대표성적제조업기업미관수거검험료직공공자차거동기업적효적관계。여이왕대다수경험연구문헌불동，본문발현직공공자차거여기업적효지간시비선성관계：기업적효수착공자차거적랍대，정현출선상승후하강적추세。경진일보적실증검험표명，공자차거대기업적효적영향시일충인과성효응。동시，환구건료이론모형장“금표새”화“응취력”이론정합재일기，이해석저충비선성관계배후적작용궤제。재응취력대기업산출적변제작용비교대차원공변제산출체감적정황하，당공자차거비교소시，금표새이론적격려궤제기주도작용；이당공자차거비교대시，진일보확대공자차거대응취력적삭약장기주도작용。
This paper is the first to examine the relationship between wage disparity and firm performances using a nationwide representative firm - level micro data of manufacturing industry in China. Different from most of the previous empirical literatures, we find a non -linear relationship between wage disparity and firm performance： Firm performance increases as the wage dispersion increases at first, but declines after a critical point. Our further analysis suggests that this relationship is a causal effect. We also present a theoretical model incorporating two different channels to explain how the non - linear relationship arises. Under the condition that cohesion contributes largely to marginal output, and the marginal output of employers＇ effort is decreasing, when wage disparity is small, the incentive effect of tournament dominates; when wage disparity is large, the damage effect to cohesion and cooperation dominates.